1. Paleolithic Age vs. Neolithic Age
Nomads turned Farmers

2. Paleolithic Age Old Stone Age People were nomadic
2 million BC to 10,000 BC
People were nomadic
Lived in clans of people
Men hunted/fished, women gathered wild fruits/nuts/roots
People depended entirely on their environment for their survival –especially the climate

3. Paleolithic Age…
Made simple tools and weapons out of the materials at hand
Stone, bone, wood
Developed a spoken (oral) language
Invented clothing (wrapped animal skins around their bodies) to protect themselves from the environment
Lived in caves & built fires

4. Paleolithic Age & Cave Art
Found all over Europe, Asia, Australia & Africa
Painted deer, horses, buffalo, bulls, cows, & stick-figure people. Beginning 35K to 40,000 years ago. Depiction of humans begin 30K – 35,000 ago.
Lie deep in the caves. Why?
Main colors were red & black, with a little yellow, maroon & violet.
Paint was made out of materials ground into animal fats.
The following pictures are from a Cave in Lascaux, France: 

5. Bison

6. Stag & Reindeer

7. Great Hall of Bulls

8. Bull, Red & Brown Horses

9. Red Bull

10. Swimming Stags

11. Two Bulls

12. Horse

13. Group of Bull, Horses, Stags

14. Five Horses & a Cow

15. Caves in Argentina

16. Caves in Indonesia

17. Cave Art Australia

19. Australia

20. Cave Art…
Recap:
1) What type of materials did early man use to paint on the walls of caves?
2) What colors were used the most in their cave art?
3) In what part of the world is most cave art found?

21. Cave Art… Explore & Analyze: 4) Which was your favorite painting? Why?
5) How realistic or abstract are the paintings of early man?  What could this tell us about them? Why do you think early man chose the subjects (i.e. the objects of the paintings) they did for their painting/drawings?

22. Religion in the Paleolithic Age
Cave Art
Was it religious?
Small stone statues of pregnant women
Mother Earth figure, Fertility, Survival?
Burying dead
Animism
Belief that the world was full of spirits and forces that might reside in animals, objects or dreams

23. Lower Paleolithic 2.5 million – 200,000 BCE

24. Upper Paleolithic
18 miniature sculptures found between 40,000 – 8,000 BCE
Venus figurines or miniatures

25. Lion Man of Hohlenstien Stadel
38,000
Germany
Oldest sculpture of animal/human
bone

26. Venus of Gelenberg
30,000
Austria
Earliest female figurine
stone

27. Venus of Dolni Vestonice
29,000
Czech Repulic
Fertility sculpure
Clay (baked at low temperatures)

28. Venus of Willendorf
25,000
Germany
Fertility female sculpture
bone

29. Venus of Monpazier
25,000
France
Fertility female sculpture
rock

30. Venus Moravany
22000
Slovakia
Fertility female sculpture
Mammoth tusk

31. 21,000
Russia
Fertility female sculpture
Mammoth tusk

32. Venus of Monruz & Engan 13,000 – 10,000 BCE Switzerland & Germany
Female figurine
Black jet

33. Venus of Brassempouy 23,000 BCE SW France Miniature human depiction
Ivory

34. Europe’s Venus Figurines

35. Mesolithic Age Middle Stone Age
10,000 to 7,000 BC
Groups of people started to settle & stay in one place, but not permanently

36. Neolithic Age New Stone Age
Started about 7,000 BC
Learned how to farm, which allowed them to stay in one place
Slash & Burn agriculture
Built permanent villages
Developed advanced tools
Domesticated plants & animals
Pottery & Weaving Skills

37. Neolithic Age…
Neolithic Agricultural Revolution (the change from hunting and gathering to farming)
Led to a growth in population
Which led to the decline in women’s status, as men controlled family, economic & political life
Led to trade & accumulation of wealth
Led to the development of new technology
Calendars, plow, arrowhead, ax heads

38. Stonehenge
An archeological
An Archeological site in England built during the Neolithic Age
(finished in the Bronze Age)

39. Aleppo & Jericho
Aleppo and Jericho are examples of early cities in the Fertile Crescent studied by Archaeolo-gists.

40. Catalhoyuk
Catalhoyuk is an example of a Neolithic settlement currently under excavation in Anatolia (Turkey).

41. Paleolithic vs. Neolithic
Food: Hunting and gathering
Dwellings: Caves, nomadic people
Technology: Digging sticks, spears, axes, & spoken language
Religion & Art: Cave paintings, religious statues, belief in afterlife
Food: Farming, domesticated animals
Dwellings: Permanent villages, stone houses
Technology: Stone tools, polished ax heads, arrowheads, weaving cloth, calendar, wheel
Religion & Art: Jewelry, buried dead in earthen tombs