1. Mark Scheme Level 3 : A description of the old system is given. Answers will also give a few simple reasons as to why the old systems were not very good. Level 4 : Answers will describe the main features of Britain before the Industrial Revolution. Answers are beginning to be supported by a range of information from previous work. Answers are also beginning to develop more understanding of why the old systems were not very effective. Level 5 : Answers are becoming more detailed and describe the key features of the old systems in some detail. They will also explain the disadvantages of the old ways of farming and making things and transport. Answers will also begin to make links between the old ways and the growth in population and its effects on the old ways. Answers are becoming stronger on explanation rather than describing. Level 6 : Answers are well structured and organised and use factual information and description to explain both the disadvantages of the old system and why it had to change. Answers will begin to make links with the old aspects as well as the need to change. Level 7 : Answers are well organised and are able to explain the problems faced by a changing country. Answers will make links between the old and the new systems and explain the problems posed by a rising population. Level 8 : As above but will bring in wider research and contextualisation. This will be fluently written with a sustained argument and logical conclusion. BRITAIN BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Source A In 1750 : The population of Britain was 11 million 80% of the population lived and worked in the countryside The most important industry was farming Manufacturing took place in peoples’ homes Source B A village in 1750. The picture shows the fields that were divided in to strips. The villagers farmed the strips. They were spread across all the large fields.

2. Source C The Domestic System Many people worked in their own homes to make products. The picture below shows a spinning wheel. Source D By 1901 the population of England had increased by almost 4 times from 9 million in 1801 to 35 million. A number of towns such as Liverpool, Manchester and Glasgow had grown enormously during this period as well. Part of the reason for the growth had been huge movement of people from the countryside to the towns during the 19 th century. Sources A, B and C give an impression of what Britain was like before the Industrial Revolution. Source D describes the growth of population after 1800. QUESTION When the population of Britain began to rise after 1800 why did the old systems of farming, manufacturing and transport have to change? In your answer you can: Describe the old methods of farming Explain the advantages and disadvantages of this method Describe the old methods of making things (manufacturing) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of this system Describe the problems of transport Explain why these methods and systems had to change once the population began to grow You may wish to use the following paragraph structure: 1.Before the Industrial Revolution many people lived in the countryside. Food was produced … 2.One advantage of this system was … 3.On the other hand this system had a number of disadvantages. They were … 4.Use 2 and 3 for the Domestic system 5.There were serious problems with transport. These were … 6.Describe the growth in population 7.Explain why the old systems had to change NB The last paragraph is by far and away the most important