1. ©2000 Timothy G. Standish Matthew 18:11 11For the Son of man is come to save that which was lost.

2. ©2000 Timothy G. Standish Breeding Drosophila Timothy G. Standish, Ph. D.

3. ©2000 Timothy G. Standish Why Drosophila melanogaster? Drosophila melanogaster is a kind of fruit fly Why fruit flies? –Short generation time (≈ 2 weeks) –Survives and breeds well in the lab –Very large chromosomes in some cells –Many aspects of phenotype are genetically controlled –Commercial strains are available –Small size –Easily sexed

4. ©2000 Timothy G. Standish Drosophila Nomenclature + = Wild type, phenotype in nature (i.e., red eyes and round wings) Mutants are alternatives to the wild type Fruit fly genes are named after the mutant Dominant mutations are capitalized (i.e., Hairless or H and Bar or B) Recessive mutants are named using lower case letters (i.e., black or b and white or w)

5. ©2000 Timothy G. Standish Antennapedia

6. Bar MaleFemale

7. ©2000 Timothy G. Standish Dumpy

8. More Drosophila Mutations ebony body ee Wild Type ++ white eyes ww

9. ©2000 Timothy G. Standish Sex Determination Sexing of Drosophila is relatively easy Males have: –Different genitals –Small black sex combs on their front legs –Darker colored hind end Females: –Distinctive genitals –No sex combs –Lighter colored hind end

10. ©2000 Timothy G. Standish