1. UNIT 1 APPROACHES TO PSYCHOLOGY

2. CH. 1 INTRODUCING PSYCHOLOGY

5. PSYCHOLOGY the scientific study of behavior that is tested through scientific research

6. GOALS OF PSYCHOLOGY Description Explanation hypothesis: an assumption or prediction about behavior that is tested through scientific research theory: a set of assumptions used to explain phenomena and offered for scientific study Prediction Influence

7. GOALS OF PSYCHOLOGY Basic Science vs. Applied Science basic science: the pursuit of knowledge about natural phenomena for its own sake applied science: discovering ways to use scientific findings to accomplish practical goals

8. THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF PSYCHOLOGY scientific method: a general approach to gathering information and answering questions so that errors and biases are minimized

9. CH. 1.2 A BRIEF HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY

11. THE ORIGINS OF PSYCHOLOGY

12. HISTORICAL APPROACHES Structuralism structuralist: a psychologist who studied the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences Wilhelm Wundt establishing modern psychology as a separate, formal field of study

13. HISTORICAL APPROACHES Introspection a method of self-observation in which participants report their thoughts and feelings

14. HISTORICAL APPROACHES Functionalism Functionalist A psychologist who studied the function of consciousness William James “father of psychology”

15. HISTORICAL APPROACHES Inheritable Traits Sir Francis Galton Gestalt Psychology

16. CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES Psychoanalytic Psychology Sigmund Freud free association psychoanalyst: a psychologist who studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine human behavior, feelings, and thoughts

17. CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES Behavioral Psychology Ivan Pavlov behaviorist a psychologist who analyzes how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on their response to events in the environment

18. CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES Humanistic Psychology humanist a psychologist who believes that each person has freedom in directing his or her future and achieving per- sonal growth

19. CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION: WHY DO YOU SOMETIMES DAYDREAM IN YOUR CLASSES? COMPARE HOW THE VARIOUS APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGY WOULD ADDRESS THIS QUESTION DIFFERENTLY. DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES.

20. CH. 1.3 PSYCHOLOGY AS A PROFESSION

22. WHAT IS A PSYCHOLOGIST? A scientist who studies the mind and behavior of humans and animals Psychiatry a branch of medicine that deals with men- tal, emotional, or behavioral disorders

23. Specialty Fields of Psychology Responsibilities