1. REMOTE SENSING DATA Markus Törmä Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Helsinki University of Technology Markus.Torma@hut.fi

2. ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING Inventory of larger areas Determination of surface properties Determination of surface topography Monitoring environmental change Visualization

3. SATELLITE IMAGES Landsat Enhance Thematic Mapper 29.1.1999 Thematic Mapper 1.9.1990 MultiSpectral Scanner 12.7.1983 and 27.6.1975 Quickbird 15.7.2003 CORONA 3 images taken 28.6.1966 and 22.1.1967

4. LANDSAT ETM Image size 185 x 185 km 2 6 visual and near-infrared channels (spatial resolution30m) 1. 0.45 - 0.52  m 2. 0.52 - 0.60  m 3. 0.63 - 0.69  m 4. 0.76 - 0.90  m 5. 1.55 - 1.75  m 7. 2.08 - 2.35  m Channel 6 thermal infrared : 10.4 - 12.5  m (60m) Panchromatic channel : 0.50 - 0.90  m (15m)

5. Channels can be combined to form color images: true color (RGB: 321) and false color (RGB 741)

6. Effect of spatial resolution: detail from panchromatic (15m) and color image (30m)

7. LANDSAT TM Similar than ETM ETM 741 29.1.1999 vs. TM 741 1.9.1990

8. LANDSAT MSS 4 channels MSS 12.7.1983 and MSS 27.6.1975

9. LANDSAT Sandy soils: ch7 / ch1 Sandy soils 1.9.1990, sandy soils 29.1.1990 and change image (Red: more sand in 1999, green: more sand in 1990) NOTE: Images have been taken during different seasons, therefore the change can be due to seasonal effects like changing soil moisture

10. LANDSAT Satellite image as base map Landsat ETM pan and archaeological sites Colours: Red: Stone cairn (s) / tumulus / tumuli Blue: Shepherd´s / hunter´s rock shelter Bright green: Stone heap(s) / Muslim grave(s) Beige: Abandoned Bedouin camp / tent Orange: Open accumulated pottery sherd concentration Pink: Rectangular structure

11. QUICKBIRD 4 channels (blue, green, red, NIR, 2.44m), PAN 0.61m Image size 16.5 x 16.5 km 2

12. CORONA Panchromatic film which is digitized Image size 188 x 14 km 2 on the ground Spatial resolution 2m in the best case

13. DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS STRM-DEM Shuttle Radar Topography Mapping mission 2000 Based on SAR interferometry 30m pixel DEM covers area partially Provided by DLR 90m pixel DEM whole area ASTER-DEM Optical ASTER-instrument in Terra satellite 30m pixel

15. DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS Areal coverage of different DEMs Red: SRTM-DEM, 30m pixel Green and Blue: ASTER-DEM, 30m pixel Other areas: SRTM- DEM, 90m pixel

16. VISUALIZATION Unsupervised classification of ETM + DEM

17. VISUALIZATION MSS 1983 + SRTM- DEM 90m

18. FREE DATA Global Land Cover Facility University of Maryland http://glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/ Landsat ETM, TM, and MSS images SRTM-DEM 90m Earth Observing System data Gateway United States Geological Survey http://edcimswww.cr.usgs.gov/pub/imswelcome/ ASTER-DEM