1. EUROPEAN CULTURE AND CHURCH

2. Lifestyle in Europe 1200’s to 1400’s  Trade increased with the Middle East and Asia  Banking thrived  Architecture- Towns became more developed and more populated. Cathedrals in a Gothic Style

3. Gothic Cathedrals

4. Education in Europe  1 st Universities established in London, Paris, and Italy  By 1500- Europe had 80 Universities  Qualifications for a degree- 4 to 6 years of studying and then tested orally

5. Scholasticism  A way of thinking that includes Faith and Reason  Father of Scholasticism is THOMAS AQUINAS Born in Italy in the 1200’s Wanted to find an agreement between the Church and Aristotle.

6. Language  Latin – Language used by the Educated  Vernacular – Languages that are used in everyday life or Local Languages  Examples- French, Spanish, English, German

7. Religion affected Society  Church was extremely Wealthy and Powerful  By the 1200’s many religious orders had been created including  Mission of the Friar  Franciscan  Dominican

8. Religion in Everyday Life  Effected every part of everyone's daily life.  Sunday’s EVERYONE attended Mass  Saints- People prayed on a daily bases to individual saints asking for God’s favor.  The three points above where common in All of Europe!!

9. Heresy in the Church  Heresy is a crime committed against the church.  1233- Catholic Church started the Inquisition to settle heresy disputes.  Inquisition – questioned anyone that was accused of heresy and determined all punishments  Punishments ranged from penance to death

10. Division in Politics and Religion  Pope was an Elected official and had major Succession issues.  Kings became more powerful as Feudalism ended and resulted in less need for Pope’s approval  Corruption in the Catholic Church was at an all time high.

11. Hundred Years War  England vs France Lasted 1346-1453  Fought mainly over who controlled area’s of France.  England had better Weapons  By 1453 France had driven out all of the English Armies on French territory.

12. Joan of Arc  17 year old French girl  Brought religion to the troops at the front line.  Captured by England and tried for heresy and burned at the stake.  Considered a saint in French History.

13. Spain and Portugal  Ruled entirely by Islamic control until the 1250’s  Christian drove out Muslims in the RECOQUISTA, creating three Christian kingdoms. (Portugal, Castile, and Aragon)  King from Aragon and Queen of Castile married and formed Spain

14. Spanish Inquisition  Tortured and tried 1000’s of people who were accused of disloyalty to the Catholic Church.  1492- Royals of Spain forced all Jews to either convert to Christianity or leave the country.