1. 1 Welcome RAL Particle Physics Masterclasses 12 - 14 March 2003 Glenn Patrick http://hepwww.rl.ac.uk/pust/masterclass.htm

2. 2 100 Years -Thomson to Higgs 1911- 1919 Geiger, Marsden and Rutherford discovered the nucleus using  particles (University of Manchester). 2003 Investigating quark structure of matter and hunting the Higgs Boson. Building the Large Hadron Collider -27km circumference! 1897 J.J. Thomson discovered the electron using a cathode ray tube. (Cavendish Laboratory)

3. 3 Particle Physics and RAL Rutherford High Energy Laboratory created in 1957 for research into particle physics. UK accelerators - NIMROD proton synchrotron  Closed in 1978 and revamped as ISIS pulsed neutron source - visit today. Today, RAL is a multi-disciplinary laboratory employing about 1200 people with  90 people in the Particle Physics Department. Mainly using international facilities - CERN (Geneva), DESY (Hamburg), SLAC (Stanford), FNAL (Chicago) + underground expts in Minnesota, Sudbury, Boulby…  Talks today will cover some of the work in these centres + future projects.

4. 4 ISIS - Pulsed Neutron Source Protons from 800 MeV synchrotron bombard a metal target to produce neutrons (plus muons & neutrinos). World’s brightest pulsed neutron source. Condensed matter physics, disordered materials, biological materials, structural chemistry, etc + particle physics expts. KARMEN ( ), MICE(  )

5. 5 SLAC, Stanford DESY, HamburgCERN, Geneva FermiLab, Chicago

6. 6 DIAMOND Synchrotron To be built at RAL. Start of operation = 2006. Cost = £235M. Studies at molecular/atomic level. Ground-breaking - Wednesday 12th March!  ee

7. 7 Laser Physics Vulcan - High power neodymium (Nd) glass laser. Peak power of 1 Petawatt (10 15 Watts) Plasma physics, new acceleration techniques, astrophysics simulations, etc. Interaction Chamber Compression Grating 500J in 500fs pulse

8. 8 Space Science Planck, Herschel Space Observatory, Mars Express/Beagle, Cassini, Cluster II, SOHO,IRAS, + many more. Many projects/missions using both satellites and ground-based telescopes. Vaccum/vibration testing facilities.

9. 9 Cosmic Microwave Background (2.7°K) from COBE Satellite Amplitude of temperature fluctuations is 0.000030 K or 30+/-3  K in 10 degree patches. (1 part in 100,000) Extremely Isotropic. Anisotropy is only 1 part in 10,000 Believed to have resulted from quantum fluctuations of the universe when it was the size of a grapefruit! Extremely Isotropic. Anisotropy is only 1 part in 10,000 Believed to have resulted from quantum fluctuations of the universe when it was the size of a grapefruit! Next generation - WMAP(2001), Planck(2007)

10. 10 Studying Big Bang Conditions E  kT E = mc 2

11. 11 Advanced Grid Computing ATLAS at LHC: 40MHz interaction rate  1PB+ data/year (1.4 million CDs!)

12. 12 Masterclass Programme 09.30Arrival and Coffee (R22) 09.45 Brief Introduction to DiamondDr. Glenn Patrick 10.00WelcomeDr. Glenn Patrick 10.10Introduction to Particle Physics Today 1Dr. Bill Murray 11.00Group A: Visit to ISIS Accelerator Group B: Study of W ± Decays 12.00Buffet Lunch (R18) & Diamond ground-breaking 13.15Introduction to Particle Physics Today 2Dr. Bruce Kennedy 14.00Group A: Study of W ± Decays Group B: Visit to ISIS Accelerator 15.15Neutrinos: Past. Present and FutureDr. Rob Edgecock 16.15Tea and Departure (R22) Material can be found at: http://hepwww.rl.ac.uk/pust/masterclass.htm

13. 13 Masterclass Programme 10.00Arrival and Coffee (R22) 10.30WelcomeDr. Glenn Patrick 10.40Introduction to Particle Physics Today 1Dr. Bill Murray 11.30Group A: Visit to ISIS Accelerator Group B: Study of W ± Decays 12.30Buffet Lunch (Marquee) 13.15Introduction to Particle Physics Today 2Dr. Bruce Kennedy 14.00Group A: Study of W ± Decays Group B: Visit to ISIS Accelerator 15.15Neutrinos: Past. Present and FutureDr. Rob Edgecock 16.15Tea and Departure (R22) Material can be found at: http://hepwww.rl.ac.uk/pust/masterclass.htm