1. A joint production by the United States Power Squadrons (USPS)
A joint production by the United States Power Squadrons (USPS)
and the Canadian Power and Sail Squadrons (CPS-ECP)

2. Part 1 Section 1, Sailboat Rigs Section 2, Sail Plans
Section 3, Boat Design and Hull Types
Section 4, Standing Rigging
Section 5, Sails
Section 6, Running Rigging
List of Sections of Part 1 of the Sail Course
The Course has 4 Parts with Sections under the various Parts.

3. Part 1, The Boat Section 1, Sailboat Rigs
Part 1, The Boat
Section 1, Sailboat Rigs

4. Lateen Catboat Sloop Cutter Yawl Ketch Schooner
List of sail rigs covered in Section 1

5. Sailboat Rigs are defined by:
Sailboat Rigs are defined by:
Masts
• number
• relative height
• placement
Sails
• shape
• distribution

6. • Single triangular sail.
Lateen rig.
• The simplest rig.
• Single triangular sail.
• On a yard suspended at its center of gravity by a halyard.
Objective.
Describe the sail plan on the lateen rig.
Comment.
A yard is a spar on a mast from which sails are set.
It may be constructed of timber, steel, or from more modern materials, like aluminum or carbon fiber.
Although some types of fore and aft rigs have yards, the term is usually used to describe the horizontal spars used with square sails.
Figure 1–1 Lateen Rig

7. Catboat. Objectives • Single mast stepped all the way forward.
• Large mainsail, and a long boom attached to the mast.
• Boats are usually less than 25 feet and have a shallow draft.
• The lack of a jib detracts from upwind performance
Objectives
• Describe mast position and sail plan of a catboat.
• Tell the advantages and disadvantages of the sail plan of the catboat.
Figure 1–2 Gaff-rigged Catboat

8. Figure 1–3 Marconi-rigged Catboat
Catboat rig – Single mast located (stepped) forward at the bow
Advantages
Easy to handle
Good downwind performance
Disadvantages
Poor windward performance
- No head sail
Figure 1–3 Marconi-rigged Catboat

9. Photo of a day sailer catboat
Figure 1–4 Catboat

10. Describe the wishbone rig
Figure 1–6 Wishbone-rigged Cruising Catboat
Figure 1–5 Wishbone-rigged Catboat

11. A sailboard is wishbone-rigged

12. Figure 1–8 Masthead–Rigged Sloop
• Mast stepped farther aft. Provides room for jib.
• More sail controls are needed.
• Versatility in sail selection
• Good windward performance.
• Very popular rig.
Objective.
* Describe mast position and sail plan of the sloop.
Figure 1–8 Masthead–Rigged Sloop
Figure 1–7 Masthead-rigged Sloop

13. Fractional-rigged Sloop
Sloop Advantages
- Optimum windward performance
Sloop Disadvantages
- More sails to control than Catboat
Fractional-rigged Sloop

14. America’s Cup Racer Australia 21 in Sydney Australia Harbor

15. Figure 1–9 Cutter Cutter rig.
• Mast stepped further aft than on a sloop (more than 40% aft of bow).
• Two head sails, a staysail and a jib.
• Individual sails not as large as on a sloop.
• Sail reduction easier.
Objective.
• Describe how the cutter rig is different from the catboat rig and the sloop rig.
• Tell the advantages and disadvantages of the cutter rig
Advantages
- Smaller head sails
Jib not used in heavy winds
Disadvantages
Mast steeped further aft
More hardware
Reduced windward performance in light winds .
Figure 1–9 Cutter

16. Yawl rig.
• A two-masted sailboat with a mainmast and a mizzenmast.
• The mizzenmast is stepped abaft the rudder post.
• The mizzen can effectively provide balance going to weather.
Objective.
• Describe mast positions and sail plan of the yawl.
• Tell the advantages and disadvantages of the yawl rig.
Advantages
Balances boat going to windward
Disadvantages
Small mizzen sail
Three sail
Racing rules have changes
Figure 1–10 Yawl

17. Figure 1–11 Ketch Ketch rig. • A two-masted sailboat.
• The mainmast is only slightly taller than the mizzenmast.
• The mizzenmast is stepped forward of the rudder post.
• The mizzen can effectively balance the helm when sailing without a main in heavy airs by moving the center of effort aft. • The disadvantage of the mizzen is its position being forward of the rudder post.
Objective.
Describe mast positions and sail plan of the ketch.
Tell the advantages and disadvantages of a ketch rig.
Advantages
Good performance under Mizzen and Jib
Larger sail area than Yawl
Disadvantages
Poor windward performance
Poor downwind performance
Three sails
Mizzen in center of cockpit, Boom is over helm
Figure 1–11 Ketch

18. Figure 1–12
Cat-Ketch without a jib
Cat ketch has no jib.

19. Figure 1–13 Gaff-rigged Schooner
Schooner rig.
• Two or more masts, with the aftermost mast being the mainmast.
• The schooner carries two or more headsails.
• The schooner rig is low and sturdy.
• Poor sailing performance to windward.
Objective.
• Describe mast positions and sail plan of a schooner.
• List the advantages and disadvantages of the schooner rig.
Comment.
Advantages
• Rig is low and sturdy
• Used by small coastal traders and on larger long-distance freight carriers
Disadvantages
- Poor windward performance
- Number of sails
Figure 1–13 Gaff-rigged Schooner

20. Brigantine or Hermaphrodite Brig

21. Trimaram with
a centerboard
Note the dual masts.

22. Abaft Behind, aft of.
Amidships In or near the middle of the boat.
Bowsprit A spar that extends forward from the bow. Sails and rigging are attached to the bowsprit.
Clew After lower corner of a triangular sail. On a spinnaker, the lower corner attached to the sheet.
Foot The lower edge of a sail.
Gaff Spar that supports the upper side of a fore-and-aft four-sided sail.
Halyard Line for hoisting sails or flags.
Hank Clip sewn to the edge of a sail and used to attach it to wire rigging, such as a forestay.
Headsail Any sail flown forward of the mast.
Spar Any shaft or pole for the attachment of a sail, such as the mast, boom, yard, or sprit.
Tack The lower forward corner of a mainsail or jib or the corner of a spinnaker that is near the spinnaker pole. Also, with starboard or port, describes the side over which the wind passes. Also, to change course by turning bow through the eye of the wind.

23. End of Sail Slides, Section 1