2. Continuous measurements of CO 2 emission from cultivated peat soil effect of tillage intensity Örjan Berglund & Kerstin Berglund Department of Soil and Environment, SLU Sweden

3. Long term field trial (R2-4014) Gotland, Sweden

5. D-

6. The effects of soil management intensity on CO 2 emission rates and biomass production will be studied in a long term field experiment with the following treatments: A ploughing every year B ploughing 1 out of 4 years C only stubble cultivation D permanent ley Studying the effect of soil management intensity on biomass production and CO 2 emissions

7. A Ploughing every year B Ploughing 1 out of 4 years / Shallow tillage C Shallow tillage with cultivator D Permanent ley Treatments

8. Measurements An automatic CO 2 emission measuring system with infrared (IRGA) gas analysers is used (ADC Automated Soil CO2 Exchange System) The system also includes sensors for measuring PAR (Photosynthetically active radiation) Soil temperature Soil moisture Yield Soil physical and chemical properties Studying the effect of cultivation intensity on CO 2 emissions

9. Soil properties and Yield Treat.Tot-C %Tot-N %pHLOI (%)Yield (Ton/ha) A27.001.727.7947.846.34 B28.611.837.8147.916.44 C28.051.807.7947.485.98 D36.482.497.4766.027.85 A ploughing every year B ploughing 1 out of 4 years C only stubble cultivation D permanent ley

10. Pilot study 2011

11. Results 2011

12. Result 2012 TreatmentMean A2.14 B2.59 C2.90 D4.53

13. 2013 TreatmentMean A3.74 B3.24 C4.24 D3.95

14. Treatment A (Ploughing 25 cm)

15. Treatment B (cultivation 12 cm)

16. Treatment C (cultivation 12 cm)

17. Treatment D (permanent ley)

18. A= Stubble cultivation+ plowing every year B= Stubble cultivation + plowing some years / Shallow tillage C= Stubble cultivation + Shallow tillage, no plowing D= Permanent lay

20. Conclusions CO 2 emission (µmol m -2 s -1 ) Treatment20122013 A2.143.74 B2.593.24 C2.904.24 D4.533.95 Larger emissions could be observed just after cultivation and that effect lasted for about one day. The average emission was highest from treatment D during 2012 and treatment C and D during 2013

21. Thank you for your attention!