2. Roles of the Government

3. Premier A premier is the head of government of a province or territory. There are currently ten provincial premiers and three territorial premiers in Canada. The premier is usually the leader of the largest political party in the provincial legislature

4. M.P M.P= Members of Parliament M.P is the representative of the voters to a parliament. Only members of the lower house are referred to as Members of Parliament

5. The House of Commons The House of Commons is a democratically elected body, whose members are known as Members of Parliament (MPs) Members are elected by simple plurality in each of the country's electoral districts, which are colloquially known as ridings The house of commons and the senate need to approve of legislation

6. Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) provincial responsibilities MPPs may be assigned different roles by their party leader MPPs have a number of responsibilities in their home ridings such as meeting with constituents to listen to their concerns, helping to resolve matters related to provincial government services, and attending community events such as school openings or local fundraisers.

7. Senate Is a component of the Parliament of Canada which votes and passes legislation Seats are assigned on a regional basis The Senate is the upper house of parliament and the House of Commons is the lower house. Prime ministers normally choose members of their own parties to be senators, though they sometimes nominate independents or members of opposing parties

8. Cabinet Has significant power in the Canadian system the governing party usually holds a majority of seats in the legislature almost all bills proposed by the Cabinet are enacted.

9. Lieutenant Governor The Lieutenant Governor of Ontario is vested with a number of governmental duties and is also expected to undertake various ceremonial roles.

10. BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT

11. BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT governments do three basic things: Make laws Ensure laws are followed Judge laws All are directly related to government’s central purpose - LAWS

12. BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT In democracies no one person [or group of persons] performs all three functions In autocratic states, one individual [or a small group] is in control of all three functions he/she plays the role of maker, enforcer and judge of laws

13. Legislative Branch of Government Powers: Create, change and repeal laws and regulations Members: Parliament Senators Members of the House of Commons (MPs) Example: Change the laws defining marriage in Canada.

14. Executive Branch of Government Powers: Administer and carry out (enforce) laws and plans of the government Members: Monarch Prime Minister Cabinet Bureaucrats (or Civil Servants) Example: Prime Minister declares a state of emergency and directs the Canadian Armed Forces to assist in snow removal.

15. Judicial Branch of Government Powers: Interpret the laws decide who has broken the law assign appropriate penalties Members: Courts (Supreme, Provincial, Small Claims, Family, etc.) Judges

16. BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT NOTE: The Queen of Canada, through the Governor-General, plays a key role within ALL three branches of Canadian government

17. Canada's Parliamentary System Branches of Government Diagram Queen Governor General Prime Minister Cabinet House of Commons Senate Supreme Court of Canada Federal Courts Provincial Courts Courts Executive BranchJudicial Branch Legislative Branch Parliament