2. 11/12/08 AIM: What are the roles of the different human body systems? HW: None. Agenda: Do Now/Announcements Homeostasis and Human Body Systems Do Now: What do our bodies naturally do when they are cold? When they are hot? Why do you think these reactions occur?

3. Tutoring TODAY! Turn in Projects! Progress Reports on Friday! - Turn in Week #8, even if it has been graded!

4. This Week’s Agenda Week #11: 11/12 - 11/14 Today Introduction to Homeostasis Human Body Systems Thursday Human Body Systems, cont’d Friday Disease: Failure to Maintain Homeostasis

5. Unit 3: Homeostasis How are we “built” to stay healthy?

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7. Homeostasis Homeostasis = keeping the inside of our bodies stable, even when our external environment changes We maintain homeostasis on many levels: cell tissue organ body system organism

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9. Tissue Levels of Organization

10. Today’s Assignment

11. 11/13/08 AIM: What are the roles of the different human body systems? HW: None Agenda: Do Now/Announcements Homeostasis and Human Body Systems, cont’d Go over Unit Test #2 Do Now: What do we mean when we say our bodies maintain “homeostasis”? Give one example of how our bodies do this.

12. Homeostasis Homeostasis = keeping the inside of our bodies stable, even when our external environment changes We maintain homeostasis on many levels: cell tissue organ body system organism

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14. 1. Skeletal System

15. 2. Muscular System

16. 3. Nervous System

17. 4. Endocrine System

18. 5. Circulatory System

19. 6. Respiratory System

20. 7. Digestive System

21. 8. Reproductive System

22. 9. Excretory (Urinary) System

23. Unit Test #2

24. 3. The teeth of carnivores are pointed and are good for puncturing and ripping flesh. The teeth of herbivores are flat and are good for grinding and chewing. Which statement best explains these observations? (1)Herbivores have evolved from carnivores. (2)Carnivores have evolved from herbivores. (3)The two types of teeth most likely evolved as a result of natural selection. (4)The two types of teeth most likely evolved as a result of the needs of an organism.

25. 4. Thousands of years ago, giraffes with short necks were common within giraffe populations. Nearly all giraffe populations today have long necks. This difference could be due to (1)giraffes stretching their necks to keep their heads out of reach of predators (2)giraffes stretching their necks so they could reach food higher in the trees (3)natural selection, where giraffes born with longer necks were able to survive and reproduce best (4) growth hormones

26. 5. A new chemical was discovered and introduced into a culture containing one species of bacteria. Within a day, most of the bacteria were dead, but a few remained alive. Which statement best explains why some of the bacteria survived? (1)Due to natural variation, some bacteria had a natural resistance to the chemical. (2)They were exposed to the chemical long enough to develop resistance to it. (3)They became a different species after exposure to the chemical. (4)They absorbed the chemical and broke it down in their digestive systems.

27. 6. Which factor could be the cause of the other three in an animal species? (1)the inability of the species to adapt to changes (2)a lack of natural variation in the species (3)extinction of the species (4) a decrease in the survival rate of the species

28. 7. Which statement describing a cause of extinction includes the other three? (1)Members of the extinct species were unable to compete for food. (2)Members of the extinct species were unable to conceal their presence by camouflage. (3)Members of the extinct species lacked adaptations essential for survival. (4)Members of the extinct species were too slow to escape from predators.

29. 8. Which factor contributed most to the extinction of many species? (1)changes in the environment (2)lethal mutations (3)inability to evolve into simple organisms (4)changes in migration patterns

30. 9. Which population of organisms would be in greatest danger of becoming extinct? (1)A population of organisms having few variations living in a stable environment. (2)A population of organisms having few variations living in an unstable environment. (3)A population of organisms having many variations living in a stable environment. (4)A population of organisms having many variations living in an unstable environment.

31. 11. Natural selection and its evolutionary consequences provide a scientific explanation for each of the following except (1)the fossil record (2)protein and DNA similarities between different organisms. (3)similar structures among different organisms (4)a stable physical environment

32. 16. The 14 varieties of finches are mostly likely the result of (1)absence of biodiversity (2)biological evolution (3)asexual reproduction (4)lack of competition

33. 17. The different beak structures mentioned in the last sentence were most likely influenced by (1)selection for favorable variations (2)environmental conditions identical to those of the common ancestor (3)abnormal mitotic cell division (4)characteristics that are acquired during the bird’s lifetime

34. 18. Which factor is least likely to contribute to an increase in the rate of evolution? (1)presence of genetic variations in a population (2)environmental selection of organisms best adapted to survive (3)Competition (4) a long period of environmental stability, when there are no changes to the environment

35. 19. The Florida panther, a member of the cat family, has a population of fewer than 100 individuals and has limited genetic variation. Which inference based on this information is valid? (1)These animals will begin to evolve rapidly. (2)Over time, these animals will become less likely to survive in a changing environment. (3)These animals are easily able to adapt to the environment. (4)Over time, these animals will become more likely to be resistant to disease.

36. 21. An elephant has a genetic trait that gives it much better hearing than other elephants of the same species in the same area. Explain how this could lead to evolutionary change within this species of elephant over a long period of time. In your answer, be sure to include an explanation of: competition within the elephant population survival of various individuals within the population how the frequency of the better-hearing trait would be expected to change over time within the population what would most likely happen to the elephants having the better-hearing trait if they also had unusually weak eyesight.

37. 11/13/08 AIM: What are the roles of the different human body systems? HW: Agenda: Do Now/Announcements Homeostasis and Human Body Systems, cont’d Do Now: Name ONE body system you learned about yesterday, and describe one of its functions.

38. 11/14/08 AIM: What happens when your body fails to maintain homeostasis? HW: Agenda: Do Now/Announcements Homeostasis and Disease Do Now: Predict one effect on your body that you might observe if your digestive system was not functioning (working) properly.

39. Disease Diseases occur when one or more of your body systems malfunctions (stops working properly), and becomes unable to maintain homeostasis in your bodies.

40. Article: Prader-Willi Syndrome How does Prader-Willi syndrome affect homeostasis? Discussion Questions What is the body’s normal response to eating? What is wrong with Prader-Willi patients?

41. Disease

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43. 2) Hypertension

44. Which body system is malfunctioning? 12345 6789

45. 3) Asthma

46. Which body system is malfunctioning? 12345 6789

47. 4) Diabetes

48. Which body system is malfunctioning? 12345 6789

49. 5) Lactose Intolerance

50. Which body system is malfunctioning? 12345 6789

51. 6) Kidney Stones

52. Which body system is malfunctioning? 12345 6789