2. Angiosperms

3. Group 3: Seed producing, Vascular Plants Type 2: Angiosperms (flowering plants) Flower = reproductive structure –P–Purpose: Attract animals –F–Forms fruit to protect and spread seeds Seeds –G–Grow inside the fruit –I–Inside the seed 1. Embryo 2. Food supply

4. Seed Dispersal Fruit brightly colored –Attracts animals Seeds pass through animals digestive system Seeds pooped in a new area to grow Fruit seeds in fox poop

5. Angiosperm Groups 2 groups: Based on seed type Cotyledon: embryonic leaf Two Categories: –Monocots: embryo with 1 seed leaf –Dicots: embryo with 2 seed leaves

6. Monocots vs. Dicots Key point

7. Apple Tree: Monocot or Dicot? 1 2 3 4 5 Net-like veins

8. Monocot or Dicot? 1 2 3 4 5 6

9. 3 petals Parallel veins

10. Monocot or Dicot? 5 petals

11. Monocot or Dicot? Veins run parallel

12. Veins run parallel

13. Veins branch like net

14. Angiosperm Life Spans Three Life Span Types: 1. Annuals –1 year: Seed grows…produce flowers & seeds…die Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Seed germinates Plant growth Flower  Fruit  Seeds Plant dies

15. Three Life Span Types: 2. Biennials –1 st year: Seed grows and stores food –2 nd year: grows more, makes flowers & seeds…dies Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Seed germinates Plant growth Dormant Plant growth Flower  Fruit  Seeds Plant dies Angiosperm Life Spans

16. Three Life Span Types: 3. Perennials –Live for more than 2 years Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Angiosperm Life Spans Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Seed germinatesPlant growthDormant Flower, Fruit, Seeds Plant dies Plant growth Dormant Plant growth Dormant Plant growth Dormant Plant growth Flower, Fruit, Seeds

17. sepals petals Reproductive structure of angiosperms Sepals –o–outer ring of leaves –p–protection Petals –I–Inner ring of leaves –B–Brightly colored to attract pollinators Male and female organs found inside Flowers male female

18. Flowers Female Carpel –I–Inner most part –O–Ovary: within the base (female gametophyte) –S–Style: long stalk –S–Stigma: sticky tip, collects pollen Male Stamen –S–Surround carpel –F–Filaments: long stalks –A–Anther: produces pollen (male gametophyte) style filament

19. Tulip Pistil and Stamen male female

20. Lily Pistil and Stamen male female

21. Pistil and Stamen male female

22. Pistil and Stamen male female

23. ... Self-Pollination (own pollen fertilizes own egg)

24. Cross-Pollination (pollen of one, fertilizes egg of another)...

25. In the male anthers: Meiosis creates 4 haploid microspores (gametophyte) In each microspore, the nucleus splits in two 1 nucleus: forms pollen tube 1 nucleus: splits again to make 2 more nuclei 1 nucleus: fertilizes the egg 1 nucleus: fuses to make endosperm

26. Pollen grains released

27. In the ovule: carpel ovary ovule Meiosis makes 4 megaspores (only 1 survives) In megaspore, mitosis creates 8 nuclei 1 = egg cell 2 = forms embryo sac 5 = disintegrate

28. Pollination: Pollen land on the stigma...

29. 3 nuclei in Pollen: –1: forms pollen tube –2: transfer into the ovule... Double Fertilization: 1 sperm nucleus fuses with egg nucleus (zygote created) 1 sperm nucleus fuses with 2 egg nuclei forming the embryo sac & endosperm Reminder: 3 nuclei in ovule already: 1: forms egg 2: embryo sac

30. Ovule hardens into seed

31. Ovary grows into a fruit with the seeds inside… rest of flower dies

32. Fruit falls to ground

34. Fruit is digested… Seeds pass through…

35. seed Seedling begins to grow…

36. Years later….