1. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 1 antiProton Annihilation at DArmstadt Physics programme  Quark confinement: Charmonium spectroscopy  Excited gluons: Exotic hybrid mesons & glueballs  Nucleon spin puzzle: transverse quark spin distribution functions in the nucleon  Generalised parton distributions (in the nucleon)  Time-like nucleon formfactors  Modifications of hadrons in the nuclear medium  Double Hypernuclei Antiproton facility : HESR & PANDA Timelines

2. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 2 Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research Broad range of high-intensity secondary beams  Radioactive nuclei  Antiprotons Cooler and storage rings Parallel operation PANDA HESR Collector ring SIS 18 SIS 300 SIS 100

3. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 3 PANDA physics programme Charmonium spectroscopy Exotics: charmed hybrids & heavy glueballs Time-like form factors Medium modifications of charmed mesons Hard exclusive processes CP-violation (D &  - sector) Hypernuclei Drell-Yan processes

4. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 4 Strong interaction physics: QCD vs QED QED: QCD:

5. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 5 Running strong coupling constant Particle PhysicsNuclear Physics

6. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 6 G. Bali et al., hep-lat/0003012 Lattice QCD  Confinement q q Distance between Quarks [fm]

7. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 7 Charmonium spectroscopy – a high-precision testing ground for confinement Direct formation of charmonium in p bar p Experimental tasks  find  c ‘ (2 1 S 0 ) state  confirm h c (1 1 P 1 ) state  measure transition rates  identify states above D bar D threshold Refine confinement potential (spin dependence?) Challenge for lattice QCD

8. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 8   Charmed Hybrids - theory Lattice-QCD:   -potential from one-gluon exchange   -potential from excited gluon flux Charmed hybrids expected at m Hcc ~ 4.2 - 4.5 GeV/c 2 Light charmed hybrids could be narrow, if open charm decays are inaccessible or suppressed   and r Breakup 3 3.5 4 1 2 R/r 0 V( R )/GeV J/ψ χcχc ψ‘ψ‘ HccHcc D

9. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 9 Charmed hybrids - experiment J PC = 0 -+ 0 +- 1 +- 1 -+ 2 -+ 2 +- exotic (Exotic mesons are not generated when S=0) Flux tube model: 1 st excited state of flux tube has J=1 Combine with S=1 for quarks to get: Quantum number rules for quark-antiquark pair:- J PC = 0 – + 0 ++ 1 – – 1 + – 2 ++ … J PC = 0 – – 0 + – 1 – + 2 + – … Allowed combinations Not-allowed: exotic

10. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 10 Charmed Hadrons @ PANDA 02468121510 Antiproton m omentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ] Two body thresholds Quark molecules Gluonic excitations qq Mesons 123456 Hybrids Hybrids+Recoil Glueball Glueball+Recoil ΛΛ ΣΣ ΞΞ ΛcΛcΣcΣcΞcΞcΛcΛcΣcΣcΞcΞc ΩcΩcΩcΩc ΩΩD DsDsDsDs qq ccqqccqq n n g,s s gccgccg ggg,gg light q q π, ρ,ω, f 2,K,K *c J/ψ, η c, χ cJ nng,ssgccgccg ggg conventional charmonium exotic charmonium

11. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 11 Search for heavy glueballs @ PANDA Light glueballs:  candidate f 0 (1500), 0 ++ ;  =110MeV  no flavour blind decay  mix with neighbouring scalar mesons Heavy glueballs  flavour blind decay  charmed final states!  only a few charmed mesons around 3-4 MeV/c 2 (less mixing!) Exotic heavy glueballs (no mixing)  m(2 +- ) = 4140(50)(200) MeV  m(0 +- ) = 4740(70)(230) MeV Morningstar & Peardon, PRD60(1999)34509 Morningstar & Peardon, PRD56(1997)4043

12. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 12 What is needed experimentally? Gluon-rich environment  Proton-antiproton annihilation Precision resonance scan  Cooled antiproton beam  High luminosity All quantum numbers measured  Large acceptance detector High statistics samples  Several years of beamtime Crystal Barrel f 0 (1500)

13. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 13 Nucleon structure: The spin puzzle COMPASS RHIC HERMES, COMPASS FNAL, PANDA, PAX HERMES COMPASS PANDA JLab-upgrade Gluon polarisation positive (HERMES) negative (SMC) Gluon orbital angular momentum (in principle accessible through GPDs) Quark orbital angular momentum (accessible through GPDs) Transversity Quark spin   0.25

14. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 14 Parton distributions Leading twist T-odd directly accessible in Drell-Yan Chirally odd

15. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 15 Drell-Yan processes Cross section depends on elementary process Measured as a function of polar angle  and azimuthal angle  Direct access to quark distribution functions (no fragmentation function involved) Complementary to Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS)

16. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 16 Drell-Yan processes and parton distributions Unpolarised DY  Boer-Mulders DF h 1 ┴ (PANDA @ HESR) Single or double polarisation DY  transversity h1 (PAX @ HESR)

17. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 17 Hard exclusive processes: Generalised Parton Distributions (GPD) Crossed channel (time-like) Compton Scattering Hard scale: large s ~ 10 GeV 2 and │t│~ s, or large p T Soft part can be separated and parameterised by Generalised Parton Distribution amplitudes Experimental problem: large hadronic background (reject e.g.  0  0 kinematically)

18. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 18 Time-like proton form factors Goals:  To measure time-like FF from threshold up to high s = q 2 in one experiment (reduced systematic error)  To compare with space-like FFs (pQCD at large s?) PANDA:  Wide kinematical range  Large solid angle coverage  Large statistics  High-quality measurement of both G E and G M Crossed channel :

19. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 19 Hadron mass shifts in the nuclear medium A. Hayashigaki, PLB 487 (2000) 96 DD 50 MeV D D+D+  K 25 MeV 100 MeV K+K+ KK   HADES & CBM  Pseudoscalar & vector mesons , ω, Φ PANDA  Extension to charm sector

20. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 20 Strangess Neutron Number Hypernuclei: Extension of the Nuclear Chart … understanding the YN interaction

21. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 21 Hypernuclei Neutrons 123456789 4 8 7 6 3 5 2 1 10 9 Protons New: high resolution γ-Spectroscopy with Ge-Detectors 3 rd dimension of nuclear chart (strangeness)

22. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 22 Production of double Hypernuclei Ξ-Ξ- Secondary Target Ξ - (dss)p(uud)  Λ(uds)Λ(uds) 3 GeV/c Trigger K+K

23. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 23 High Energy Storage Ring (HESR)

24. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 24 Interaction point Solenoid Dipole EM and hadron calorimeters Target generator RICH Drift or wire chambers TOF stop Muon counters  Tracking of charged particles  Identification of γ, e ±, μ ±, π ±, K ±, p, anti-p  High rate capability  Fast trigger scheme

25. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 25 beam MVD Straws or TPC mini drift chambers coil pellets or clusters TOF stop disk DIRC barrel DIRC electro magnetic calorimeter EMC

26. Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 26 Timelines FAIR contract signed by participating countries by 2006 PANDA technical design report 2007/8 PANDA commissioning 2012/13 in Phase II of FAIR construction Data taking 2013…