1. Women’s Progressive Reforms Temperance, Suffrage, and Settlement Houses

2. Temperance Temperance: moderation or elimination of drinking alcohol – Aimed primarily at laboring-class men – Believed alcohol was responsible for a majority of the problems of the working class Extension of the settlement house movement

3. Temperance Becomes Prohibition Urging people to give up alcohol proved unpopular and difficult Began advocating local legislation banning alcohol but soon turned to national level Prohibition: ban on the sale and manufacture of alcohol – 18 th Amendment passed in 1919 (repealed in 1933) Trivia: The Ku Klux Klan supported Prohibition!

4. The Right to Vote Suffrage: the right to vote – Belief that women’s vote would reform government Movement grew alongside abolition – Many of the same activists – Used skills learned in abolition crusade Intensified after 14 th & 15 th Amendments passed – Argued that white women’s votes would counter black men’s Worked longer for women’s suffrage than any other reform

5. Winning Suffrage 1890: Formation of National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) Original strategy was to win state by state When U.S. entered World War I to make the world “safe for democracy,” it seemed a little odd for American women not to have the vote 1920: 19 th Amendment passed Trivia: Suffragists began the practice of protesting directly outside the White House.

6. Famous Suffragists Susan B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton Carrie Chapman Catt Alice Paul

7. Settlement Houses Community centers in immigrant neighborhoods – English classes – Day care for working mothers – Raise awareness of political issues – Most had religious sponsorship Most famous was Hull House in Chicago – Jane Addams Movement peaked around World War I

10. Why are these Progressive movements? Temperance Increased government regulation Goal is to protect the people from themselves & one another Constitutional Amendment Women’s Suffrage Increased people’s involvement in government Goal is to reform the electorate – Women purer, more moral Constitutional Amendment Increased people’s involvement in government Goal is to make life better for working classes Reliance on experts Settlement Houses