1. Five Fundamental Principles Chapter 3 Section 4

2. Popular Sovereignty Supreme power belongs to the people “We the people…” Examples: Electing the President

3. Rule of Law The law applies to everyone, even those who govern Examples: Impeachment

4. Separation of Powers Each branch of government performs a different function Examples: The legislative branch writes laws. The judicial branch interprets laws.

5. Checks & Balances Each branch of government checks the other branches Examples: The President can veto laws. Congress can override vetoes. The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional.

6. Federalism Power is shared by the states and national government Examples: Americans must obey both state and national laws.

7. Dividing Power Enumerated Powers: powers listed in the Constitution belonging to national government. Reserved Powers: powers not listed in the Constitution belonging to the state governments. Concurrent Powers: powers shared by both the national and state governments.

8. “Supreme Law of the Land” Article VI: “…shall be the supreme Law of the Land” These five principles ensure the that the Constitution is the highest authority.