1. Presidential Reconstruction Lincoln – 10% Plan Pardons to any Confederate who took an oath of allegiance and accepted slavery policy. Denied pardons to those who killed African American war prisoners. After 10% of voters swore allegiance a Constitutional Convention could be held. States could then hold elections and participate in the Union.

2. Presidential Reconstruction Johnson Pardoned Southerners who swore allegiance. Each state could hold a Constitutional Convention (no 10% required). States were required to void secession, abolish slavery, and ratify the 13 th Amendment. States could then hold elections and participate in the Union.

3. Presidential Reconstruction Similarities Spirit of the 10 % Plan. Mentions the notions of pardons, and conventions. Differences Johnson plan is much more generous to the South. Personal pardons were offered.

4. Congressional Reconstruction Reconstruction Act of 1867 Proposed and passed by Radical Republicans who wanted to punish the South and ensure African Americans of their Civil Rights. 1.South was under military rule dividing it into 5 sections. 2.Southern States needed to hold new elections and create new state constitutions.

5. Congressional Reconstruction Reconstruction Act of 1867 3.Required states to allow all qualified male voters to participate in elections. This included African Americans. 4.Temporarily barred Southerners who supported the Confederacy from voting. 5.Required states to guarantee equal rights to all. 6.Ratify the 14 th Amendment.

6. Major Reconstruction Legislation 1865 – 13 th Amendment – Abolishes slavery 1865, 1866 – Freedmen’s Bureau – Provides services for newly freed people. 1868 – 14 th Amendment – Defines citizenship to include African Americans; Guarantees equal protection under the law. 1870 – 15 th Amendment – Guarantees voting rights. 1875 – Civil Rights Act – Protects rights of African Americans in public places.

11. The “New South” Black Southerners – Free, but poor, homeless, jobless and hungry. Development of Sharecropping and Tenant Farming –  Cycle of debt; legalized slavery Increases in freedom –  Movement, property, religion, education  Freemen’s Bureau – 1 st Relief Agency

14. The “New South” Rise of new Black leaders/representatives –  Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. DuBois, Blanche K. Bruce Restriction –  Black Codes  KKK – White League  Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

18. Postcard Depicting the Lynching of Lige Daniels, Center, Texas, August 3, 1920

19. Document C: Jim Crow Laws (from various states 1875-1900s) Restaurants- It shall be unlawful to conduct a restaurant or other place for the serving of food in the city, at which white and colored people are served in the same room, unless such white and colored persons are effectual separated by a solid partition….. Alabama Toilet Facilities- Male Every employer of white or Negro males shall provide for such white or Negro males reasonably accessible and separate toilet facilities. Alabama Parks- It shall be unlawful for colored people to frequent any park owned or maintained by the city for the benefit, use and enjoyment of white persons...and unlawful for any white person to frequent any park owned or maintained by the city for the use and benefit of colored persons. Georgia Hospital Entrances- There shall be maintained by the governing authorities of every hospital maintained by the state for treatment of white and colored patients separate entrances for white and colored patients….. Mississippi

20. Photograph by Elliott Erwitt, “A Public Fountain in North Carolina,” 1950

21. The “New South” Plantation Owners – Loss of slave labor (3 billion) – Loss of property (100 million). Poor White Southerners – Migration – West Sharecropping/Tenant Farming Cycle of Debt

22. Video # 1 – Reconstruction & the Radicals: http://mn-media.discoveryeducation.com/pmp/videos/wm/300k/chp945785_300k.wmv Video # 2 – Congress Challenges Presidential Reconstruction: http://mn-media.discoveryeducation.com/pmp/videos/wm/300k/chp945791_300k.wmv Video # 3 – The Rise of the KKK: http://mn-media.discoveryeducation.com/pmp/videos/wm/300k/chp945800_300k.wmv Video # 4 – The 14 th Amendment: http://mn-media.discoveryeducation.com/pmp/videos/wm/300k/chp945792_300k.wmv

23. The “New South” Labor changes Cash crops Debt Rise of merchants, Carpetbaggers, and Scalawags Rise of cities, industry, and railroads

24. The “New South” “Gospel of Prosperity” – Infrastructure Schools Taxes & Investors Rise of corruption  Bad loans/grants  Credit Mobilier (Railroad scandal)

25. The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson Congress passes the Tenure of Office Act in 1867. President Johnson fires Edwin Stanton, Secretary of War. Radical Republicans claimed that the firing was unconstitutional. Congress Impeached the President – charged him with wrongdoings in office. Missed being removed by one vote.

26. The End of Reconstruction KKK/White League – Eliminate the Republican Party in the South. Keep African Americans oppressed. Use terror tactics.

27. The End of Reconstruction Federal Response – Enforcement Act of 1870  Banned terror tactics  Federal round up and prosecution **As Reconstruction ends, the power will shift – The development of the Solid South.

28. The End of Reconstruction Corruption, taxes, violence, the Supreme Court, the Solid South – all contributing factors to the end of Reconstruction. Power returned back to the States. Compromise of 1877 –  Hayes (Rep.) vs. Tilden (Dem.)  Contested vote in Union controlled states.  Special commission rules in favor of Hayes.

29. The End of Reconstruction Compromise of 1877 –  Democrats have enough power to block ruling.  Compromise is reached giving Hayes the election in return for the withdrawal of troops from the South.  Marks the end of Reconstruction

30. Presidential Candidate Vice Presidential Candidate Political Party Popular Vote Electoral Vote Rutherford Hayes William WheelerRepublican4,034,14247.92%18550.1% Samuel Tilden Thomas Hendricks Democratic4,286,80850.92%18449.9% Peter CooperSamuel CaryGreenback83,7260.99%00.0% Other (+)+--13,9830.17%00.0%

31. Video # 5 – The End of Reconstruction: http://mn-media.discoveryeducation.com/pmp/videos/wm/300k/chp945809_300k.wmv

32. Reconstruction - Successes Union is restored; rebuilding of South begun. Southern economic growth is stimulated. African Americans gain formal rights of citizenship and equal treatment. Many black families helped in obtaining housing, jobs, and schooling.

33. Reconstruction - Failures African Americans still lack property and economic opportunity. Southern governments deny African Americans the right to vote. Racists attitudes continue, in both North and South. Lasting bitterness between many Southerners and federal government.