1. Social Control

2.  Every society develops norms that reflect the cultural values  In order for a society to run smoothly, norms must be upheld  Norms are enforced through two means- internalization and sanctions  Internalization is the process by which a norm becomes a part of a person’s personality, thus conditioning that individual to conform to society’s expectations ◦ Ex. When you go the movies you automatically sit in a seat, not on the floor

3.  Sanctions are rewards and punishments used to enforce conformity to norms  Positive Sanctions are anything that rewards a particular kind of behavior  Negative Sanctions are punishment (or threat of) used to enforce conformity ◦ The threat is often sufficient to achieve conformity

4.  Formal Sanctions are rewards or punishments given by a formal organization or regulatory agency  Informal Sanctions are spontaneous expressions of approval or disapproval given by an individual or group

5.  Social Control is enforcing norms through either internal or external means  The principle means of social control is self- control, which is learned through the internalization of norms  When a society’s means for ensuring social conformity break down, social stability is lost  No society can survive for long without an effective system of social control

6.  Capital punishment is the ultimate negative formal sanction  Only 24 nations have carried out executions since 2007  The U.S. is the last western nation to have/use the death penalty  69 % of Americans support the death penalty  66% believe it is “morally accpetable”  Should it be used? When? Why?

7.  Pg. 160 #1-5