1. Overlays and The Evolution of BGP Peering

2. Agenda BGP Issues – Overlay Networks – VPNs – ToR BGP Peering Today – Rise of the Tier-3 ISPs

3. OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET

4. BGP Issues End user has no control: End user would like control to: – Avoid certain ISP/AS/Countries for privacy/security reasons – Avoid certain ISP for performance reasons

5. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET

6. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET

7. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET

8. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET

9. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET

10. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET

11. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET

12. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET Alice->Bob Alice->Goog

13. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET Alice->Bob Alice->Goog

14. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET Bob->Goog Alice->Goog

15. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET Bob->Goog Alice->Goog

16. Overlay Networks OK_NET EVILNET FASTNET MY_NET Alice->Goog

17. Examples of Overlays

19. Security V. Privacy

20. VPN – Virtual Private Networks Security Oriented Overlay

21. ToR: Onion Routing Get list of ToR nodes

22. Knows the source, but not the destination

23. knows neither the source, nor the destination

24. Knows the destination, but not the source

25. No Node in the network knows the destination AND the Source So you can browse anonymously

26. TOR Anonymity network Everyone knows the TOR Nodes

27. To Stop Anonymous communication I can block traffic to the TOR nodes

28. Privacy V. Security Overlay

29. BGP Relationships and Peering Today Before: – Tier-1 Peer with each other for free – Tier-2 pays Tier-1 – Tier-3 pays Tier-2 – We pay Tier-3 Tier-1 can choose to peer with anyone. Tier-1 Does not pay anyone Tier-1 e.g. ATT, Level 3 Tier-2 Tier-3 e.g. Comcast Content providers & (CDN) Users

30. BGP Relationships and Peering Today After Videos and Social networks became HUGE The end-user is important – ADs or videos – Very good user experience Now Tier-3s are become powerful players – Tier-3 charge for peering – “Paid Peering” – Essentially a direct connection to the users

31. Traditional ISP relationshipsNew Model with Paid-Peering

32. Example: Netflix (2010) Level 3 is a Tier-1 ISP with CDNs Netflix switches from Akamai to Level 3 – Level 3 is cheaper than Akamai Level3 asks Comcast for more capacity Comcast says: Not Unless you start paying. After months of struggle Level3 agrees to pay Compast for traffic. A Tier-1 ISP is now paying a Tier-3 ISP – This changes everything

33. Example: Netflix (2010) Level 3 is a Tier-1 ISP with CDNs Netflix switches from Akamai to Level 3 – Level 3 is cheaper than Akamai Level3 asks Comcast for more capacity Comcast says: Not Unless you start paying. After months of struggle Level3 agrees to pay Compast for traffic. A Tier-1 ISP is now paying a Tier-3 ISP – This changes everything

34. Reflection on the State of the Internet

35. Logics About Final Project Milestones Partner Selection – Groups 2, 3. – Potentially pick a topic Proposal (10/14/2015) – 2 pages Presentation – 15 minutes Final Report – 6 pages Project Types Measurement driven – Understand aspects of the Internet Understand web-services Understand BGP – Data Analysis driven: Understand quality of Bug/Repo More Open-Ended – Improving quality of experience (mobile) – Fault tolerance in BGP networks Re-implementation – Goal: OpenSource an existing idea (SDN related). – Learn to integrate with a cloud platform (e.g. OpenStack) – Learn to integrate with Map-Reduce