1. Matter, Atoms, Molecules and the Periodic Table
Chemistry of Life
Matter, Atoms, Molecules and the Periodic Table
Bill Nye-
Atoms and Molecules
Questions to Answer

2. Chemistry
Matter is anything that has mass (weight) and takes up space (volume).
There are three states of matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas.

3. An Element is a pure substance made up of only one kind of atom.
An Atom is the smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of that element
Atoms

4. An Atom is to an Element, as a Molecule is to a Compound
A Molecule is the smallest part of a Compound that has all the properties of that compound.
A Compound is two or more elements chemically combined.
Compounds have properties that are different than those of the elements they are made up of.
Ex. NaCl (Table Salt)
Organic (living) Compounds MUST contain Carbon and Hydrogen.
If they DO NOT include these elements – they are Inorganic(not living)
An Atom is to an Element, as a Molecule is to a Compound
Atoms and Molecules Reading Comprehension

5. Reading a Formula
A formula is a way of expressing information using symbols.
2CO2
C = Carbon
O = Oxygen
Elements
# of Molecules
# of atoms of an element
Therefore—
Number of Molecules = 2
Number of Carbon Atoms (C) = 2
Number of Oxygen Atoms (O) = 4
(2 molecules X 2 Atoms)
Organic or Inorganic

6. Practice reading formulas
3H2O
Number of Molecules = 3
Name(s) of the Elements in Formula
Hydrogen, Oxygen
Number of atoms of each Element
Hydrogen =
Oxygen =
6 (3 molecules X 2 elements) 3
Organic or Inorganic

7. CH4 Reading the Formula Number of Molecules = 1
Name(s) of the Elements in Formula
carbon, hydrogen
Number of atoms of each Element
Carbon = 1
Hydrogen = 4
Organic or Inorganic

8. Periodic Table
The periodic table is an arrangement of the chemical elements organized by their atomic numbers
Carbon is an element in the periodic table
Periodic Table Song
://wwwhttp.ptable.com/

9. Reading the table Example--Carbon
Atomic Mass
Chemical Symbol
Element Name
Atomic Number
Number of Protons
Number of Electrons

10. Keys to the Element Chart
A. Atomic Number is equal to the number of protons and electrons in an atom
B. Protons are the subatomic particles found inside the nucleus . It has a positive charge (+).
C. Electrons are subatomic particles found outside the nucleus. It has a negative charge (-).
D. Neutron is a subatomic particle found inside the nucleus. It is neutral (No Charge) A

11. To calculate the number of neutrons
Step 1: Find the atomic number. It is the amount of protons and electrons.
CARBON = 6
Step 2: Find the atomic mass number.
CARBON =12
Step 3: Subject
Atomic Mass
Atomic Number
Number of Neutrons
6 Protons
6 Neutrons
6 Electrons 6P 6N 6E

12. Be Let’s try one 4 9.012 4 4 5 1) Number of protons
2) Number of electrons Be
3) Number of Neutrons 5
Atomic Mass
Atomic Number
Number of Neutrons 9
- 4
4 P
5 N 4E 5

13. Finding Neutrons in an Element
28.086 14
1) Number of protons = 14 Si
2) Number of electrons = 14
Silicon
3) Number of Neutrons = 14
28 (Mass)
14 (Number)
14 (Neutrons)
14E
14P
14N

14. Ba More Practice 56 56 81 56 137.327 1) Number of protons =
2) Number of electrons = 56
Barium
3) Number of Neutrons = 81
137 (mass)
56 (number)
81 (neutrons)
56E
56P
81N
Let’s practice