2. Writing or stating something you have read in your own words.Writing or stating something you have read in your own words. You must be careful not to plagiarize (copy word for word – or even mostly word for word) the material you are paraphrasing. For example:You must be careful not to plagiarize (copy word for word – or even mostly word for word) the material you are paraphrasing. For example: Original text:Original text: –Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while taking notes. Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers. 2nd ed. (1976): 46-47. Plagiarized “Paraphrase”Plagiarized “Paraphrase” –Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only about 10% of the final copy should consist of directly quoted material. So it is important to limit the amount of source material copied while taking notes.

3. Paraphrase the following:Paraphrase the following: Who should teach children about personal finances? Ideally, it would be the child’s parent or guardian. However, many adults do not have the knowledge necessary to teach such concepts. This is evident by the staggering amount of credit card debt in the United States and the astounding number of adults who claim they cannot balance their own checkbook. Many argue that schools must step in and teach personal finance. Adding this requirement to the compulsory curriculum would require that more teachers be hired, which many school districts cannot afford, and would increase the credit requirement for graduation.

5. Recognizing the main ideas of a passage.Recognizing the main ideas of a passage. Telling about those main ideas in just a few sentences.Telling about those main ideas in just a few sentences. “A summary…is a shortened version of an original text, stating the main ideas and important details of the text with the same text structure and order of the original.” (Emily Kissner)“A summary…is a shortened version of an original text, stating the main ideas and important details of the text with the same text structure and order of the original.” (Emily Kissner)

6. To help summarize fictional material, you can use the Somebody, Wanted, But, So, Then model:To help summarize fictional material, you can use the Somebody, Wanted, But, So, Then model: To help summarize nonfiction material, you can use 5 W’s & 1 H:To help summarize nonfiction material, you can use 5 W’s & 1 H: SomebodyWantedButSoThen Little Red Riding Hood Went to see her grandmother. A big, bad wolf tried to trick her. She screamed in fright. A woodsman came to save her. Who/WhatWhatWhereWhenWhyHow Who or what is the passage mostly about? What is important about the subject or topic? Where does this take place? When does this take place? Why is the subject or topic important? How does this occur?

7. Use Somebody, Wanted, But, So, Then to summarize one of the following with your assigned partner:Use Somebody, Wanted, But, So, Then to summarize one of the following with your assigned partner: –The Three Little Pigs –Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs –The Little Engine that Could –Cinderella –Jack and the Beanstalk

9. Use the 5W’s & 1 H to summarize the following passage:Use the 5W’s & 1 H to summarize the following passage: Do you know how denim jeans are made? They start out as cotton fibers that are ginned, baled, and sent to a mill that makes the fibers into long white strands. These strands are twisted into super-strong threads for weaving. The special twisting is what makes denim so long-wearing. The strands are dyed by a secret process before they are woven into cloth. Through the efforts of designers, pattern makers, and cutters, the jeans get their special shape and style. What garment is nobler than a pair of soft, strong jeans?