1. Chapter 15 Section 2 Expansion and Reform in the US

2. Territorial Growth US has major growth; 4 million by 1788. 13 states US has major growth; 4 million by 1788. 13 states 1900 – 60,000,000 and 45 states 1900 – 60,000,000 and 45 states How many people are in America today? How many people are in America today?

3. The Northwest Territory NW territory – East of Mississippi River, North of the Ohio River and South of the Great Lakes. NW territory – East of Mississippi River, North of the Ohio River and South of the Great Lakes. NW ordinance provided a form of government. Territory govt created after 5,000 males. NW ordinance provided a form of government. Territory govt created after 5,000 males. When a territory had 60,000 people then they could create a constitution and apply to become a state. When a territory had 60,000 people then they could create a constitution and apply to become a state.

4. Continued Expansion 1803 – French emperor Napoleon sold the US the Louisiana Territory. 1803 – French emperor Napoleon sold the US the Louisiana Territory. Doubles the size of the United States. Doubles the size of the United States. Purchases Florida from Spain in 1819. Purchases Florida from Spain in 1819. Oregon Territory in 1846 from England. Oregon Territory in 1846 from England. Americans begin settling in Texas, Mexican territory resulting in the Mexican War. Americans begin settling in Texas, Mexican territory resulting in the Mexican War.

5. Continued Expansion Won Texas Independence. Texas was an independent nation for 9.5 years. Won Texas Independence. Texas was an independent nation for 9.5 years. 1853 – Gadsden Purchase acquired more land from Mexico 1853 – Gadsden Purchase acquired more land from Mexico (part of New Mexico and Arizona)

6. Expansion across North America Manifest Destiny – belief that God intended Americans to populate the land. Manifest Destiny – belief that God intended Americans to populate the land. 1830 – Indian Removal Act 1830 – Indian Removal Act Indians forced to move 800miles to Oklahoma known as the Trail of Tears. Indians forced to move 800miles to Oklahoma known as the Trail of Tears.

7. Slavery and Civil War The US suffered from Sectionalism, or competition among sections or regions of the country. The US suffered from Sectionalism, or competition among sections or regions of the country. North – industrial (relied on immigrants) North – industrial (relied on immigrants) South – Agriculture (relied on slaves) South – Agriculture (relied on slaves) Causes of War – economic factors and slavery Causes of War – economic factors and slavery Abe Lincoln is elected President and South Carolina secedes (withdraw) from the Union. Abe Lincoln is elected President and South Carolina secedes (withdraw) from the Union.

8. Confederate States and the Civil War American Civil War 1861-1865. American Civil War 1861-1865. Began when Confederate soldiers fired on Fort Sumter, SC Began when Confederate soldiers fired on Fort Sumter, SC Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation – freeing the slaves in the South. Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation – freeing the slaves in the South. France and England less likely to help the South over slavery issue. France and England less likely to help the South over slavery issue. North wins war. 600,000 people dead. Disease is biggest killer. North wins war. 600,000 people dead. Disease is biggest killer.

9. 13 th Amendment – abolished slavery 13 th Amendment – abolished slavery 14 th Amendment - grants citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" which included former slaves. 14 th Amendment - grants citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" which included former slaves. 15 th Amendment – African-American men the right to vote. 15 th Amendment – African-American men the right to vote.

10. Suffrage and Political Growth Originally, only white male property owners could vote. Property restrictions were soon dropped. Originally, only white male property owners could vote. Property restrictions were soon dropped. 1848 Elizabeth Cady Stanton held a Women’s Rights Convention. Pushed for right to vote and equality. 1848 Elizabeth Cady Stanton held a Women’s Rights Convention. Pushed for right to vote and equality. Given the right to vote in 1920 by the 19 th Amendment. Given the right to vote in 1920 by the 19 th Amendment.