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Calling All The Scientists By: Claire, Lola, Olivia, and Allison.

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1 Calling All The Scientists By: Claire, Lola, Olivia, and Allison

2 Researcher Q: What are the main parts of a volcano? A: crater, caldera, and vent Vent- an opening exposed on the earths surface where volcanic material is emitted. Caldera- a large crater formed by volcanic explosion Crater- a bowl shaped depression at the mouth of a volcano or geyser

3 Researcher Q: In general, how do volcanoes form? A: Volcanoes form when extremely high temperature and pressure causes the rock to melt and become magma. When magma reaches the surface it turns to lava. Volcanoes- an opening in Earth’s crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are ejected Magma- the molten material under Earth’s crust Lava- the molten fluid rock that issues from a volcano

4 Researcher Q: What causes a volcano to erupt? A: The magma chamber gets gas bubbles and they want to escape from the magma. The magma goes through the pipe and that causes the eruption. Pipe- vertical cylindrical passage in a volcano through which molten lava is forced during eruption. Eruption- a sudden often violent outburst

5 Researcher Q: How does a volcano erupt? A: When it erupts ash comes out also pyroclastic. It can also erupt if it’s under a hot spot. Ash- geology pulverized particulate ejected by volcanic eruption Pyroclastic- formed from the soil fragments as agglomerate or tuff Hot Spot- a volcanic area that forms as a tectonic plate moves over a pointed heated from within the mantle

6 Historian Q: Why do some volcanoes erupt explosively where as others erupt quietly? A: It depends on the volcanoes history and where the volcano is located. Also how much power is building up and what is inside the volcano. Q: Many people in Pompeii died as a result of suffocation during the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius. What might have caused their suffocation? A: Because of clouds, ash, stones, and lava.

7 Historian Q: How is it possible that a volcanic island, such as Surtsey, is now home to many different organisms? A: Plants and animals came from founder populations that arrived from other places. Q: When was the most recent eruption of Mt. Saint Helens? A: 2004-2008 Q: When was the most destructive eruption of Mt. Saint Helens? A: May 18 th, 1980 at 8:32 A.M.

8 Historian Mt. Saint Helens is the most destructive volcano in the history of the U.S. It took place on May 18 th, 1980 at 8:32 a.m. A lot of people were killed or severely injured. The eruption took place from 2004-2008. A massive debris avalanche started because of an earthquake that measured 5.1 on the Richer scale caused an eruption that reduced the mountain’s elevation. Mt Saint Helens is a large eruptive cone consisting of magma interlayered with ash, prumice, and other deposits. The elevation of Mt. Saint Helens is 8,365 ft. The age of the rock on Mt. Saint Helens is 40,000 years old. Today Mt. Saint Helens is a popular climbing destination. To climb Mt. Saint Helens you have to have a climbing permit, and they have been expected since 1987. As you probably know Mt. Saint Helens did a lot of damage. It killed 57 people, destroyed 250 homes, 47 bridges, 15 miles of railways, and 185 miles of highway. It also sent animals fleeing and most were killed. It also destroyed many plants. Today many people are working on rebuilding the land around Mt. Saint Helens!!!

9 Volcanologist Mt. Saint Helens is an active, composite volcano. It is located in Skamania Country, Washington.

10 Name of VolcanoCountryType of VolcanoLast Year of EruptionActive,Dormant,Extinct Mt. EtnaItalycomposite2014active PopocatepetlMexicocomposite2013active Mt. Saint HelensU.S.A.composite2008active StromboliItalycomposite2012active KilaueaHawaiishield1983active MerapiIndonesiacomposite2010active KrakatoaIndonesiacomposite2014active VillarricaChilecomposite2008active Mt. VesuviousItalycomposite1944active TambroaIndonesiacomposite1967Dormant PinatuboPhilippinescomposite1991active TungurahuaEcuadorcomposite2014active

11 Photographer Parts of a volcanoworld map Mt. Saint Helens

12 Photographer

13 Bibliography Claire used- www.freedictionary.com, www.google.comwww.freedictionary.com www.google.com Lola used- www.wikipedia.comwww.wikipedia.com Allison used- www.google.com, www.wikipedia.comwww.google.com www.wikipedia.com Olivia used- www.google.com, www.youtube.comwww.google.com www.youtube.com

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