1. Bell Ringer #11 – 12/7/09 1.How did Frederick Douglass gain freedom? 2.Name one achievement made by F.D. 3.What role did F.D. encourage free black men to take in the Civil War?

2. Study Guide – 15 Week Assessment High infant mortality resulted because: Malnutrition, poor medical knowledge Infants needed more time to nurse Masters were neglectful of women after delivery Clothing for African slaves made from homespun cotton or wool; distributed twice per year

3. When she was 14, Celia was sold to Robert Newsom. Newsom raped Celia many times. She attacked him one night and accidentally killed him. The court refused to accept that Celia had a right to defend herself from rape. She was hung. Celia & Robert Newsom

4. Abraham Lincoln Born in Kentucky; lived in a one-room log cabin Moved to Illinois after his mother died (“Land of Lincoln”) Elected in 1860 as a Republican – vowed to keep the Union together. Disagreed with slavery.

5. The Confederacy (South) The Confederacy was formed in 1861 by states who seceded (exited) from the Union Richmond, Virginia was made the capital

6. Emancipation Proclamation Declared all slaves in Confederacy freeDeclared all slaves in Confederacy free Signed by Lincoln in July 1862.Signed by Lincoln in July 1862. Allowed black men to join the Union army.Allowed black men to join the Union army. 13 Amendment not passed until 186513 Amendment not passed until 1865

8. The 54 th Infantry E.P. encouraged & allowed Af-Ams to join the ArmyE.P. encouraged & allowed Af-Ams to join the Army Most served in the 54 th Massachusetts InfantryMost served in the 54 th Massachusetts Infantry The 54 th took a key role in history when they captured Battery Wagner (fort)The 54 th took a key role in history when they captured Battery Wagner (fort) Frederick Douglass’ sons served in the 54 thFrederick Douglass’ sons served in the 54 th