1. 23 September 2013 Questions Trivia: 47% of people surveyed say they would change this about their appearance. What is it? Brain teaser: How could you give someone $63 using only six bills, without using one dollar bills?

2. Lesson 11 Dealing with Depression

3. Objectives Students will be able to... –1) Discuss emotional responses used to cope with life crises. –2) Differentiate between kinds of depression, possible causes, symptoms, and treatments for depression. –3) Explain why being depressed puts teens at risk. –4) Identify strategies for coping with depression. –5) Identify warning signs for suicide and discuss suicide. –6) Discuss eight steps teens might take to be resilient.

4. Life Crisis An experience that causes a high level of stress. Five Emotional Responses- –1) Denial: Refusing to believe what has happened or is happening. –2) Anger: Being angry about what has happened or is happening. –3) Bargaining: Making promises in hopes of changing what is happening. –4) Depression: Being depressed when recognizing the outcome is unlikely to change. –5) Acceptance: Accepting what is happening, adjusting & bouncing back.

5. Depression What to Know About Depression –Minor Depression A mood disorder accompanied by feelings of hopelessness, sadness, or helplessness. Diagnosed with two to four of the APA symptoms lasting for at least two weeks. Might go away or could become chronic Dysthymic Disorder –A long-lasting form of depression –With this disorder, adults display two or more of the symptoms for the majority of days for two or more years. –For children and teens the time from is one or more years.

6. What to Know About Depression Major Depression –A mood disorder accompanied by long-lasting feelings of hopelessness, sadness, or helplessness. –Teens are diagnosed with major depression if he/she has five of the nine general symptoms lasting 2 weeks or more. –Some teens experience double depression (dysthymic disorder with periodic bouts of major depression)

7. Symptoms Used to Diagnose Depression The American Psychiatric Association (APA) uses these symptoms to diagnose depression: –Deep sadness –Apathy –Fatigue –Agitation –Sleep disturbances –Weight or appetite changes –Lack of concentration –Feelings of worthlessness –Morbid thoughts

8. What Causes Depression? Inability to Cope with a Life Crisis Changes in Brain Structure Genetic Predisposition –The inheritance of genes that increase the likelihood of developing a condition. Low Serotonin Levels –Serotonin levels fluctuate. Teens with lower serotonin levels are at higher risk for depression Traumatic Family Events –Parents' divorce, serious illness, death of family member, parent losing a job, abuse, etc.

9. What Causes Depression (continued)Depression Physical Illness & Disorders –Heart disease, cancer, diabetes & stroke are related to depression in teens. –Nutritional deficiencies such as Vitamin B increase the risk of depression Alcohol & Other Drug Use –Much higher rates of depression in teens. –Brains are not fully developed, and drugs have a greater effect on teen brains.

10. Why Being Depressed Puts Teens at Risk School Performance Social Isolation Drug Addiction Other Addictions Physical Illness Mental Disorders Suicide Attempts

11. Group Activity With a partner, I want you to make a concept map using the 7 risk factors from the previous slide. I want you to draw a line from one to another and on that line explain how the 2 risk factors are related. Example

12. Treatment for Depression Physical Examination Therapy –Cognitive Behavior Therapy: A form of psychotherapy that involved behavior therapy, such as individual counseling or a combination of therapy and medication can also be beneficial. Medication –Antidepressant: A drug used to relieve depression.

13. Coping with Depression Talk with a parent, guardian, mentor, or other trusted adult. Stay connected with friends. Practice healthful behaviors, such as eating nutritious meals and getting exercise. Use anger-management skills Practice stress-management skills. Avoid the use of alcohol and other drugs Take steps to develop resiliency Seek treatment if these strategies do not relieve depression.

14. What to Know About Suicide The intentional taking of one's own life Parasuicide: A suicide attempt in which a person does not intend to die. Cluster Suicide: A series of suicides occuring within a short period of time and involving people who are connected in some way. Suicide Statistics Statistics by State/Age Group

15. What to Know About Suicidal Tendencies Abuse of Alcohol and other drugs Death of a parent, parental separation, or parental divorce Feelings of alienation and rejection Difficulty coping with body changes and sexuality Depression Impulsive or aggressive behavior Mental Disorders

16. How to Recognize Signs of Suicide Making direct or indirect statements about suicide. Having a change in personality Withdrawing from contact with family & friends. losing interest in personal appearance. being preoccupied with death and dying. using alcohol & other drugs losing interest in school work giving away possessions talking about getting even with others failing to recover from a disappointment or a loss running away from home having a close friend or relative who has committed suicide.

17. Suicide Prevention Strategies Techniques that can be used to help prevent a person from thinking about, attempting, and completing suicide. What to Know About Getting Help –Listen –Encourage them to seek help –Tell a trusted adult

18. Suicide Prevention Strategies Look for warning signs when a teen is depressed. Listen without giving advice. Take a suicide threat seriously Ask if the teen has a specific plan and means to follow through Do not be sworn to secrecy Call a parent, a guardian, or other responsible adult immediately. Stay with the teen until professional help arrives.

19. Resiliency The ability to adjust, recover, bounce back, and learn from difficult situations. Protective Factor: –Something that increases the likelihood of a positive outcome.

20. How to Be Resilient Work on your relationships with members of your family Develop a close relationship with a mentor Choose friends who are supportive and who have responsible behavior Do not put off dealing with your feelings when a difficult situation arises Avoid choosing harmful behaviors as a way of coping with tough times. Ask for support when you need it Discuss available support groups with a parent, guardian, mentor, or other responsible adult Be involved in school activities. Practice Healthful Behaviors Volunteer to help others