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Agrément FMC N° 100 437 Conflits d’intérêt Astra-Zeneca, BMS, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo, Servier, CRAM, AFSSAPS, ARH Région de Bourgogne Clos Vougeot
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Nord Haute-Garonne Haute-Savoie Côte-d’Or Essonne Popul. millions Area km 2 Density inha/km 2 NORD 2,55 743447 Essonne 1,21 804668 Hte Garonne 1,26 309193 Hte Savoie 0,74 388163 Côte d’Or 0,58 76360 # 6
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Côte-d’Or : 29 Haute-Garonne : 39 Nord : 57 Haute-Savoie : 37 Essonne : 38 Almost 3/4 of males : 72,5 % male Demographic characteristics 200 patients analysed
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– Mean age : 63,3 yrs with regional differences : 69,4 yrs in Côte-d’Or 60,0 yrs in Essonne Demographic characteristics – More than half of patients retired (54 %), with regional differences 74,1 % in Côte-d’Or 40,5 % in Essonne
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– Hypertension : 43,5 % – Diabetes : 21,4 % – Active smoking : 44,9 % – Mean weight : 77 kg – BMI ≥ 30 : 20,8 % Risk factors and medical history – CAD known prior to admission : 19,7 %
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– In 3/4 of cases (71,1 %), chest pain triggers a phone call – Emergency number 15 : only in 49 % of cases First aid – Chest pain reported in 93,9 % of cases – Emergency ambulance (SAMU/SMUR) is the 1 st medical contact in less than 50 % of cases
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Patients without reperfusion : older Half are female ¼ are employed Revascularisation modes FibrinolysisPrimary PCIno reperfusionp Population Age Female (%) Occupation (%) Employed Unemployed Retired 22 % 63 ± 13 23 % 44 5,1 51,3 64 % 62 ± 13 24 % 41 8,1 50,5 14 % 70 ± 12 50 % 22 4,3 73,9 < 0,001 < 0,01 < 0,02 0,32
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Widimsky P et al, Eur Heart J 2010; 31:943-57. Primary PCI Thrombolysis No reperfusion France 64 22 14
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Patients referred directly to an interventional cardiology unit Preferred strategy is direct hospitalisation to cath-lab 64 % as an average 70,2 % if patient referred by medical ambulance 1 er call Admission P PCI 20 min 33 min 54 min 43 min 97 min sympto m onset FMC
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Symptom onset Patients referred to peripheral centres Admission to the cath lab P PCI 163 min 227 min 204 min Mean delay was more than double FMC
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Effects of numbers of actors 4,2 5,5 9,7 % hospital mortality Nr of actors
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USIK 1995 2152 patients 373 centres 1536 STEMI Population USIC 2000 2320 patients 369 centres 1844 STEMI FAST-MI 2005 3059 patients 223 centres 1611 STEMI FAST-MI 2010 3069 patients 213 centres 1716 STEMI
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FAST-MI 2010 213 centres Inclusion from October 2010 4169 patients included 3079 patients included during the first month 213 centres Inclusion from October 2010 4169 patients included 3079 patients included during the first month
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Proportion of STEMI patients from 1995 to 2010 Generalised use of troponin measurement
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Admission diagnosis: STEMI vs NSTEMI
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First place of arrival STEMI NSTEMI 38+11.5% call SAMU first 21% call their GP first 19% go to ER 29+8% call SAMU first 27% call their GP first 19% go to ER
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Increased % of younger women
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Time to first call in STEMI patients % of patients calling ≤60 min from onset
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Use of the SAMU/firebrigade in STEMI Use of the SAMU/ FB in patients with STEMI 20052010
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Reperfusion therapy in STEMI
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STEMI: early mortality according to use and type of reperfusion therapy 2.1 2.6 - 48 %- 74 %- 70 %
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30-day mortality: STEMI & NSTEMI 5 ?
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Mortality according to timing of PCI after thrombolysis FAST-MI 2005 No PCI PCI ≤128 minutes PCI 129-220 minutes PCI > 220 minutes Systematic pharmaco-invasive Rescue or symptom-driven PCI All patients with PCI after lysis
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Genetic determinants of clopidogrel response and clinical events in FAST-MI 2005 Simon et al. NEJM 2009 FAST-MI registry 2,208 patients with AMI, followed for one year Number of CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles
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Early prescription of statins is associated with lower risk of developing acute AF Danchin et al. Heart 2010 % of patients developing AF
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LMWH vs UFH in elderly patients Puymirat et al. Int J Cardiol 2012 Survival in propensity score-matched cohorts
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Standard vs loading dose of clopidogrel in elderly patients: FAST-MI 2005 Puymirat et al. Am J Cardiol 2011 One-year event-free survival Adjusted HR (95%CI): 0.92 (0.68-1.25)
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Conclusion Periodical surveys are a unique tool to document the evolution of management and outcomes in patients admitted with AMI. Both the organisation of care and acute management have considerably evolved in the past 15 years.
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Conclusion Early mortality has impressively decreased, both for STEMI and NSTEMI patients. The improved outcome in AMI patients is not related to one single therapeutic measure, but rather results from an improvement in the overall process of care. There are many lessons to be learned from such surveys.
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