1. CELLULAR RESPIRATION

2. ___________ use energy from sunlight or chemicals to make their own food AUTOTROPHS ________________ to traps energy from __________ and make ______________ sunlight food (glucose) PHOTOSYNTHESIS

3. In the next process, we will learn how glucose is by organisms and _______ is stored as _______ in a process called ___________________ What kind of organisms do this? energy broken down ATP CELLULAR RESPIRATION

4. ________ (Including _______) ALL LIVING THINGS NEED ENERGY! What kind of organisms do this? plantsfungibacteria ______ animals humans

5. We get the energy the plants stored as glucose by _____________ directly or eating the _________ that ate the plants. How do we get the sugar from the plants? REMEMBER! _______________ get their energy by eating other organisms. HETEROTROPHS eating plants animals

6. The “Powerhouse” of the cell that uses glucose to store energy as ATP: mitochondria

7. All organisms (heterotrophs AND autotrophs) use the _____________ to “charge” up their _______ energy in food ATP

8. This process of taking the energy from FOOD (glucose) to make _____ is ________________ ATP CELLULAR RESPIRATION

9. ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate ATP Structure –Ribose – a 5- carbon sugar –Adenine – a N- base (also in DNA!) –3 phosphate groups DRAW

10. What Does ATP Do for You? It supplies YOU with ENERGY!

11. How Do We Get Energy From ATP? By breaking the high- energy bonds between the last two phosphate groups

12. CELLULAR RESPIRATION happens __________ in ________________. If all the energy was released in one step… most would be lost as ____________________! slowly many steps light and heat Listen

13. PHOTOSYNTHESIS ___________ + _________ + ___________ → _______________ + __________ 6 CO 2 6 H 2 OC 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 _____________ + _________ → ________ + __________ + __________ ______________________________________________________________ CELLULAR RESPIRATION C 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 6 CO 2 6 H 2 O The two equations are exact opposites! WRITE-Very Important!

14. The first step in cellular respiration = __________________ Glycolysis happens in the ________________ outside the mitochondria GLYCOLYSIS CYTOPLASM

15. Aerobic Processes Requires oxygen. Most organisms are aerobes. Equation for Aerobic respiration: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Energy Based on this equation – Why do we breathe?

16. Cellular Respiration: An Overview The process by which cells break down food to form ATP Two main types –Anaerobic – no oxygen required (only makes 2 ATP) –Aerobic – requiring oxygen (makes 38 ATP)

17. Anaerobic Processes No oxygen is required for this process. Includes glycolysis, the breakdown of glucose and fermentation. Some bacteria and yeast are examples of anaerobes.

18. Anaerobic- ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION Happens when ___________ makes ______and wine yeastbeer

19. Anaerobic Respiration in Animals: LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION Happens in muscles during exercise when your body can’t get enough oxygen fast enough. Lactic acid builds up in muscles causing soreness

20. Summary of Cellular Respiration Respiration Process Where Process Occurs Net Gain of ATP Per Glucose Anaerobic Cytoplasm2 ATP AerobicCytoplasm & Mitochondrion38 ATP