1. Orbital Diagrams Hund’s Rule

2. Since electrons repel, they want to stay as far away from each other as possible. So they occupy different orbitals until they have to pair up.

3. Hund’s Rule In a sublevel, every orbital gets one electron before any orbital gets a pair. Example: e - config. for carbon: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 1s2s2p orbitals sublevel energy level

4. Hund’s Rule e - config. for oxygen: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 4 1s2s2p orbitals sublevel energy level

5. Orbital Diagrams Show the arrangement of electrons in orbitals within an atom. Use boxes to represent orbitals. One arrow (↑) represents 1 e -. 2 arrows (↑↓) rep. 2 e -.

6. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for hydrogen. e - config: 1s 1 1s

7. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for helium. e - config: 1s 2 1s

8. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for lithium. e - config: 1s 2 2s 1 1s2s

9. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for beryllium. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 1s2s

10. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for boron. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 1 1s2s2p

11. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for carbon. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 1s2s2p

12. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for nitrogen. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 3 1s2s2p

13. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for oxygen. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 4 1s2s2p

14. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for fluorine. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 1s2s2p

15. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for neon. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 1s2s2p

16. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for sodium. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 1 1s2s2p3s

17. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for magnesium. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 1s2s2p3s

18. Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for aluminum. e - config: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 1 1s2s2p3s3p

19. Orbital Diagrams Practice Board

20. Orbital Diagrams Practice Sheet

21. Opening video. Journal, how do you explain? Diamagnetic levitation

22. Do magnetic example from Ms. Wilson, it is in the storage room

23. Paramagnetic Diamagnetic Molecules

24. Electron Magnetic Field Created by rotating charge.

25. Paramagnetic Orbital diagram for Phosphorus (P). e - config: 3p 3 3p Because unpaired electrons can orient in either direction, they exhibit magnetic moments that can align with a magnet

26. Diamagnetic Orbital diagram for neon (Ne). e - config: 3p 6 3p Because the paired electrons are “locked” in position and cancel each others magnetic fields.

27. Diamagnetic Levitation Video – a frog in a strong magnetic field Graphite on magnets MRI application video

28. Diamagnetism of Water How many electrons in Oxygen? How many electrons in Hydrogen? Write orbital diagram for each. Write combined orbital diagram for molecular water.

29. Diamagnetis m of Water

30. Paramagnetis m of Molecular Oxygen (O 2 )

32. Video Video – liquid nitrogen vs. liquid Oxygen: magnetism