1. PSB H - injection system commissioning J.Borburgh, C.Bracco, C.Carli, E.Carlier, B.Goddard, K.Hanke, B.Mikulec, J.Hansen, C.Maglioni, A.Newborough, D.Nisbet, L.Sermeus, J.Tan, W.Weterings

2. Outline Installation and commissioning planning Commissioning phases Strategy – Phases and entry conditions Summary 09.11.11 2 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review

3. Overall planning Linac4 H- injection either during longer winter shutdown in 2015/16 or 2016/17 or during LS2 (2018) in parallel with PSB 2 GeV upgrade – A decision on the planning is pending until (at least) the next Chamonix meeting Presented commissioning planning treats Linac4 connection separate from 2 GeV upgrade – If in parallel with PSB 2 GeV upgrade, would be more complex (add main ring magnet modifications, new RF cavities, modified PSB extraction and recombination etc.); interleaved commissioning 09.11.11 3 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review

4. Installation/commissioning planning (draft) 09.11.11 4 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review

5. Installation planning Important remark: In the installation planning only ABT work is currently shown. Additional interventions: -BI -Vacuum -Magnets (replace BI.BVT10, corrector magnets, cabling, supports, modify BHZ162 vacuum chamber, perhaps also exchange of quadrupoles, …) -Interlocks, … Meticulous planning required as installation area is very restricted; prepare and carry out as much as possible in advance! 09.11.11 5 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review

6. Commissioning phases I.System tests and dry runs without beam in parallel with installation as soon as an equipment becomes available II.First beam to H 0 /H - dump and BI checks From here on inject into constant main B-field and fixed KSW amplitude III.Threading, first turn and chicane/painting bump closure IV.Optics and aperture V.Optimisation of stripping After this stage inject on flat bottom, with RF on Recommission acceleration and extraction at 1.4 GeV VI.Transverse painting and accumulation of multiple turns If time permits, we will try to inject on a ramping B-field, otherwise this will follow Aim for this 3-month commissioning period: Provide beams with similar parameters as currently available. We are assuming here that longitudinal painting is for later… 09.11.11 6 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review

7. Commissioning strategy 09.11.11 7 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review I: System commissioning II: Beam to H 0 /H - dump III: First turn and closed orbit IV: Aperture and optics V: Stripping optimisation VI: Accumulating turns Ring 1 Ring 2 Ring 3 Ring 4 All system commissioning for all rings….

8. Commissioning strategy 09.11.11 8 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review Then beam injected first into Ring 3, followed by the other rings…. I: System commissioning II: Beam to H 0 /H - dump III: First turn and closed orbit IV: Aperture and optics V: Stripping optimisation VI: Accumulating turns Ring 1 Ring 2 Ring 3 Ring 4 Important: Limit intensity being sent to H 0 /H - dump (pre-chopper timing and source current, extraction kicker timing) KSW amplitude B main Beam in, out

9. Commissioning strategy 09.11.11 9 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review First turn and closed orbit again starting with Ring 3, followed by the other rings…. I: System commissioning II: Beam to H 0 /H - dump III: First turn and closed orbit IV: Aperture and optics V: Stripping optimisation VI: Accumulating turns Ring 1 Ring 2 Ring 3 Ring 4 Extract beam at injection energy Attention: avoid stripping foil heating (interlock with SIS the KSW amplitude) KSW amplitude B main Beam in, out

10. Commissioning strategy 09.11.11 10 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review Bump closure, aperture and optics measurements starting with Ring 3, followed by the other rings…. I: System commissioning II: Beam to H 0 /H - dump III: First turn and closed orbit IV: Aperture and optics V: Stripping optimisation VI: Accumulating turns Ring 1 Ring 2 Ring 3 Ring 4 Extract beam at injection energy Attention: avoid stripping foil heating (interlock KSW amplitude) KSW amplitude B main Beam in, out

11. Commissioning strategy 09.11.11 11 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review Stripping efficiency optimisation starting with Ring 3, followed by the other rings…. KSW amplitude B main Beam in, out I: System commissioning II: Beam to H 0 /H - dump III: First turn and closed orbit IV: Aperture and optics V: Stripping optimisation VI: Accumulating turns Ring 1 Ring 2 Ring 3 Ring 4 Extract beam at injection energy Attention: avoid stripping foil heating (interlock KSW amplitude)

12. Commissioning strategy 09.11.11 12 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review Accumulate intensity starting with Ring 3, followed by the other rings… Prepare physics beams using different production schemes I: System commissioning II: Beam to H 0 /H - dump III: First turn and closed orbit IV: Aperture and optics V: Stripping optimisation VI: Accumulating turns Ring 1 Ring 2 Ring 3 Ring 4 Accelerate and extract beam at 1.4 GeV to main PSB dump Attention: avoid stripping foil heating; interlock KSW amplitude KSW amplitude B main Beam in, out

13. Entry conditions of phase I HW elements installed, aligned, under vacuum, connected and individual components tested – BI line, injection elements, beam instrumentation, interlocking Control system components installed and connected Application SW deployed – Some new applications, some updated Timing signals available All configuration and optics data available – Optics, layout, drawings, polarities, strengths, look-up tables, sequences, aperture models, … Alarms Fixed displays Logging 09.11.11 13 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  System tests and dry runs without beam

14. Ia: HW system tests 09.11.11 14 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review BI DIS BI SMV BI magnets Correctors Vacuum Interlocks KSW BSW Foils BPMs BLMs screens BCTs H0/H- dump OASIS Pulse test (power, HV)XXXXXX Interlock signalXXXXXXXXXX OASIS signalXXXXXXX Slow controlXXXXXXXXX Fast controlXXX DAQ to CCCXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX MovementXXX VacuumXXXXXXXXXXX CoolingXXX X  System tests and dry runs without beam

15. Ib: CCC integration tests (dry runs) Overall timing and synchronisation – Connection to Linac4 timing, synchronisation checks, … Interlocking – Inputs from all systems, interlock conditions, synchronised beam permit generation, logging, … Pulsing all magnets/kickers from CCC – Checking timing, synchronisation, data acquisition, OASIS, control, settings, stability, logging, … Beam Instrumentation – Control, settings, movements, acquisition, logging, application SW, fixed displays, … Foil mechanism – Increment, precision, viewer, … 09.11.11 15 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  System tests and dry runs without beam

16. Entry conditions of phase II All system integration tests finished. Beam permit TRUE from interlocking New PSB magnetic cycle prepared (flat cycle or cycle with flat injection bottom), no RF yet needed Commissioning beam available from Linac4 – Chopper fully functional; all nominal chopping schemes already tested – 0.5 um emittance, (4x)0.5 us pulse length (spaced by 1 us for distributor rise-time), 1.2 s period 0.5 us pulse length corresponds to ~2x10 11 p (at 65 mA Linac4 peak current) – Injection line matched to zero hor. dispersion Beam characterised in LBE/LBS measurement lines and within specifications – Emittance, energy, energy spread, optics 09.11.11 16 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  First beam to H 0 /H - dump

17. IIa: First beam to H 0 /H - dump First beam injected to H 0 dump -Maximum allowed is 5×10 11 p @1.11 Hz (Interlock still to be defined: force pre-chopper timing 3 and SIS) -No stripping foil or screen -Adjustments of timing and synchronisation with beam signals -Observation of all available beam instrumentation signals 09.11.11 17 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  First beam to H 0 /H - dump

18. IIb: Detailed instrumentation checks Beam loss monitors – BI line, injection elements, dump BPMs – Systematic corrector and BPM polarity check (try to reuse SW) BCT – Use OASIS to check DIS and SMV synchronisation Current monitors at H 0 /H - dump – Move screen/foil to check response BLMs – Calibration and readout checks (can we compare with FLUKA?) Screen at foil position – Acquisition, profiles, positions, calibration (bump beam) 09.11.11 18 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  First beam to H 0 /H - dump

19. IIc: TL and injection region steering Screen moved IN at foil position Steering of beam position to reference -Needs special sequence for YASP including BI line, injection region and first turn of PSB – Checks of response of steering elements 09.11.11 19 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  First beam to H 0 /H - dump x4!

20. Entry conditions of phase III Beams centred on screens at foil positions Trajectories in BI line and injection region well corrected All beam instrumentation reading correct values – Turn-by-turn acquisition of ring PUs needs to be available Losses in injection region consistent with expectations H 0 /H - dump signals measured and reasonable Complete PSB ring equipment functional Check of special “Inject and Extract” mode (fire extraction kickers after 1-100 turns to dump 160 MeV beam) 09.11.11 20 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Threading, first turn and closed orbit/bumps

21. IIIa: Threading, first turn and orbit Recall: B-field with flat injection bottom, RF off, flat KSW functions, flat quadrupole active β-beating compensation functions – Need KSW to be programmed to fall after 20-100 turns (should not allow beam to circulate indefinitely through foil) Stripping foil in place and beam around the ring – 0.5 us long injected for BPM response – Orbit correctors for threading, YASP – Iterative re-commissioning of remaining PSB instruments – Time resolution of PSB BLMs? Observation of 1 st turn – screen at foil position? – Large blowup and attenuation - quantify – Sensitivity limits and expected signal/resolution Determination of closed orbit – How many turns needed? 20 should be enough… 09.11.11 21 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Threading, first turn and closed orbit/bumps x4!

22. IIIb: Chicane and KSW bump closure Adjustment of chicane and KSW bump closure – Procedure: Adjust BSW closure using steering application, minimising C.O. Adjust KSW closure using steering application, minimising C.O. Adjust KSW amplitude, to minimise injection oscillations Steer injection angle (hor. and vert.), to minimise injection oscillations Iterate if required – Would be very helpful to have this in an ‘autopilot’ application – YASP upgrade possible? – Can also check closure by scanning strengths – Degrees of freedom for BSW powering ? (do we need 2 trim power supplies per ring?) Which instrumentation (BPM) response and precision can we expect? Need some study to optimise procedure… 09.11.11 22 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Threading, first turn and closed orbit/bumps x4!

23. Entry conditions of phase IV Beam can be injected and makes 20-100 turns before extraction/dump Closed orbit established and corrected to target RMS (few mm O (5 mm)) Chicane and KSW non-closure optimised KSW bump amplitude adjusted Injection steered to give oscillations below about 1-2 mm (?) 09.11.11 23 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Optics and aperture

24. IVa: Optics measurements – Measurements with beam in BI line through injection region and first turn Dispersion (trims of momentum from Linac4 with last 2 PIMS cavities; measurement of position at screen) Kick response (mainly for newly installed elements) – Optics measurements in ring Matching measurement may be possible with SEMs (~20 turns) – Rematching of Linac4 transfer line might be required 09.11.11 24 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Optics and aperture

25. IVb: Aperture measurements – Comparisons with physical aperture model – Bumps/steering from BI transfer line Aperture in coil window passage (main dipole) Aperture at vertical septum and BSW1 septum Aperture at H 0 /H - dump – With ‘circulating’ beam At dump, at BSW1 septum, at foil – Instrumentation Will use BLMs – dynamic range and locations important 09.11.11 25 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Optics and aperture x4!

26. Entry conditions of phase V Basic optics measurements completed and values in tolerance – Kick-response – Dispersion – Injection matching (?) Apertures measured and coherent with physical model – Especially at critical locations of BSW1 septum, BSW4 dump 09.11.11 26 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Optimisation of stripping

27. Va: Stripping optimisation Quantify and optimise stripping system functionality – Measure stripping efficiency (measure currents on H 0 dump with foils in/out, and BCTs) Any limit on number of foil movements? Different foil thicknesses/sizes already in carousel? – Steer beam to optimise – Check injection efficiency (BCTs in BI line, compare to ring BCTs) What is instrumentation resolution in single pass? 09.11.11 27 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Optimisation of stripping

28. Entry conditions of phase VI Beam adjusted onto foil Expect to obtain stripping efficiency of 95-98% Beam missing foil below 2-3% PSB magnetic cycle changed (inject on B-field with flat bottom, nominal KSW waveform, nominal active β-beating compensation, switch on RF) – Obvious need to recheck all is OK at end of phase V with this configuration – if this is likely to be very time- consuming should consider using this configuration from the start 09.11.11 28 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Transverse painting and multiple turns

29. RF beam capture first adiabatically, followed by capture into waiting bucket – Synchronisation PSB RF - Linac4 – Ring-by-ring synchronisation with chopper/distributor Re-commission acceleration and extraction at 1.4 GeV – Capture into waiting bucket to be demonstrated – No major issues expected for acceleration and extraction 09.11.11 29 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Transverse painting and multiple turns Entry conditions of phase VI x4!

30. VIa: Increasing no. of injected turns Check all OK (orbit, closure, injection oscillations, position on foil, capture, …) Increase number of turns – Accumulate turns sequentially (1, 5, 10, …), measuring emittances obtained compared to expected – Up to 20 (40) turns needed for LHC beam, depending on source performance 09.11.11 30 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Transverse painting and multiple turns x4!

31. VIb: Optimising transverse painting Need list of target beams and order of importance – Likely to start with LHC probe, LHC nominal, … For each beam a ‘nominal production scheme’ has to be prepared beforehand – no. inj. turns, chopping, painting… Observables are emittance, intensity and beam losses Horizontal plane – Optimisation of KSW functions for all beams – Also adjustment of injection offset…should use KSW bump amplitude – Needs clear plan of attack to avoid exploring full parameter space Vertical plane – Optimisation of steering offset and betatron mismatch – Differences between the 4 rings from vert. dispersion to include in ‘nominal’ settings for first try 09.11.11 31 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Transverse painting and multiple turns

32. VIc: Prepare beams for physics Painting optimisation for each beam – No longitudinal painting yet; maximum  p/p ~450-600 keV RMS (180° phase change of debuncher) Define procedure for declaring beams operational – Target parameters – Test checklist Full characterisation of all beams – Emittances – Intensities – Longitudinal parameters – Beam losses and transmission – Stability and reproducibility – Dump heating and waste beam current – Foil heating 09.11.11 32 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Transverse painting and multiple turns

33. VId: Inject into accelerating buckets Move to injection onto a ramping B-field – If time permits, advance this stage before the preparation of beams for physics, otherwise in parallel – If needed, compensate for different B-field at injection into individual rings with Bdl circuits 09.11.11 33 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review  Transverse painting and multiple turns

34. Summary Outline of beam commissioning strategy defined Overlap with installation work is one key aspect – Have to add all the other interventions in the BI line to the installation planning – Need to define with each equipment owner the individual tests needed, and the integration tests from CCC Beam commissioning of injection will be time consuming – Readiness of beam instrumentation within specifications is essential – Plan is to start with Ring 3, followed by the others in simplest setup; switch to final configuration when all 4 rings have beam circulating – Then start increasing injected turns in ‘final’ configuration – Will be interleaved with re-commissioning of rest of the PSB cycle – A parallel 2 GeV PSB upgrade would significantly complicate commissioning Beams will be made available sequentially, matched to requirements from downstream machines – Likely to start with LHC beams 09.11.11 34 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review

35. Questions to the Reviewers Does the overall schedule and staged planning look feasible? Is beam instrumentation adapted? Is serial powering of 4 BSW magnets per ring sufficient or do we need flexibility? Do we need to foreseen different foil sizes/thicknesses from the start? Did we miss out any necessary checks? 09.11.11 35 B. Goddard, B. Mikulec; PSB H- injection review