3. Β Oxidation ↑Electron Donors Electron Transport Chain ↑FADH 2 ↑ O 2 - TCA Cycle ↑ FFA ↑ NADH+H + NAD + e-e- Complex I Complex III Complex II Complex IV Q-Q- e-e- e-e- e-e- FAD

4. Hamby et al, Diabetes Care 26:2119-2125, 2003 Watts, et al, Journal Pediatrics 144:620-625, 2004 Walsh, et al, JAP 95:20-25, 2003 Hamby et al, Diabetes Care 26:2119-2125, 2003 Watts, et al, Journal Pediatrics 144:620-625, 2004 Walsh, et al, JAP 95:20-25, 2003 EXERCISE IMPROVES ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION

5. NITRIC OXIDE i Eight weeks of training in healthy adults Maeda, et al. Life Sciences 69:1005-1016, 2001

10. Padilla, et al., European Journal of Applied Physiology, 98:256-262, 2006

11. Padilla, et al. Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise, in press.

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13. Padilla, et al. Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise, in press.

14. Harris, et al, Obesity, 2008 Active & Inactive Overweight Men Active & Inactive Overweight Men FMD Response Treadmill Exercise Treadmill Exercise

15. Oxidative Source  Oxidative Stress (  8 PG F2alpha)  Endothelial Function Single Physical Activity Session  NO bioavailability  Blood Flow Anti- inflammatory Myokine (  IL-6) Inflammatory Stress (  TNF-alpha) Antioxidant Defense (  SOD)  Insulin Resistance  Visceral Fat (  TNF-alpha)  Systemic Inflammation (  CRP) Habitual Physical Activity  Insulin Resistance