1. Today’s Objective We will understand the key elements of the counterculture by describing the positive and negative impacts of the counterculture movement.

2. Nixon and the Vietnam War Vietnamization Vietnamization President Nixon’s plan to reduce troop involvement in Vietnam and handing over the fighting to the South while also increasing bombing of N. Vietnam Silent Majority Silent Majority The majority of Americans who, Nixon said, supported the war and followed the law, and did not speak out or protest about U.S. involvement in Vietnam 26 th Amendment Passed 26 th Amendment Passed Constitutional amendment that lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 Fall of Saigon Fall of Saigon The North Vietnamese break the 1973 cease fire and invade the South, capped by the Fall of Saigon in 1975 as the rest of the U.S. leadership fled. War Powers Act War Powers Act Requires President to notify Congress within 48 hours of committing armed forces to action Requires President to notify Congress within 48 hours of committing armed forces to action and forbids armed forces from remaining for more than 60 days. Roy Benavides Roy Benavides The Hispanic soldier from Texas who received the Congressional Medal of Honor from President Ronald Reagan years after the war ended (1981).

4. State Standards 25B (r)Describe both the positive and negative impacts of significant examples of cultural movements in art, music, and literature such as Tin Pan Alley, the Harlem Renaissance, the Beat Generation, rock and roll, the Chicano Mural Movement, and country and western music on American society. 25A (s) Describe how the characteristics and issues in US history have been reflected in various genres of art, music, film, and literature.

5. The Beat Generation The Beat Generation was the movement of the ’50s when young people rebelled against conformity and embraced originality and individuality.

6. The Beat Generation Members of the Beat Generation were referred to as “beatniks” and set the stage for the rise of the counter-culture and hippies.

7. The Beat Generation Beat Generation writers such as Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg (right) inspired many young people to reject conformity, greed, and other social norms.

8. Jack Kerouac’s On the Road (1957) is among the best known examples of Beat Generation literature. Kerouac’s On the Road The novel chronicles the cross-country wanderings of two teen runaways, and their encounters with drugs, free love, and the budding counterculture movement. Kerouac’s book established what became the credo of the Beat Generation: “Never trust anyone over 30.”

9. Allen Ginsberg’s Howl Allen Ginsberg’s poetry Howl (1956) is another of the best known examples of Beat literature. His poetry focused on people who were considered outcasts (they were “beat down”) in an oppressively conformist, materialistic, and greedy society. Ginsberg’s poetry openly discusses drugs, sex (including homosexuality), and vulgarity.

10. In the 60s, thousands of teenagers became part of the “counterculture.” These “hippies” rebelled against the traditional American culture.

11. Members of the counterculture were young Americans – often from affluent white families – who went against society’s norms on issues such as drugs, sex, war, and civil rights.

12. Hippies believed in a world free of war and hate and full of peace and love.

13. The hippie look was long hair, tie-dyed shirts, and use of drugs like marijuana, LSD and heroin.

14. The city that became the center of the hippie movement was San Francisco, California.

15. The center of the hippie universe was in an area of San Francisco known as the Haight-Ashbury district.

16. Many teenagers fled to the Haight, where they were free to be who they wanted to be, and drugs and sex were easily accessible.

17. C o o l G r o o v y F a r O u t H e a v y F l o w e r C h i l d B r e a d P a d A D r a g F u z z / P i g R i g h t O n ! L e t ’ s r a p O u t t a S i g h t Threads

18. Dr. Timothy Leary, one of the leaders of the counterculture movement, urged people to “Turn On, Tune in, Drop Out.”

19. Hippies believed in protecting all living things and were very concerned with protecting the environment

20. Environmental Movement The environmental movement began in 1962 with the release of Rachel Carson’s book Silent Spring Book was critical of uncontrolled pesticide use Rachel Carson Numerous environmental groups soon sprang up

21. Jimi Hendrix, considered one of the greatest guitarists of all time; and…

22. Singer and songwriter Bob Dylan was the person who many saw as the voice of the counterculture.

23. WoodstockWoodstockWoodstockWoodstock Music festival held in upstate New York in 1969 that exemplified the counterculture of the 1960s Thirty-two of the best-known musicians of the day performed in front of nearly half a million concert-goers Woodstock is regarded as one of the greatest moments in pop music history

24. Music performers like Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young, were among the most political.

25. August 15-18, 1969

27. Well I came upon a child of God, he was walking along the road

28. And I asked him tell where are you going, this he told me:

29. (He) said, I'm going down to Yasgur's farm, going to join in a rock and roll band.

30. Got to get back to the land, and set my soul free.

31. And maybe it's the time of year, yes, said maybe it's the time of man.

32. And I don't know who I am but life is for learning.

33. We are stardust, we are golden, we are billion year old carbon,

34. And we got to get ourselves back to the garden.

35. By the time we got to Woodstock, we were half a million strong,

36. Turning into butterflies above our nation.

37. We are stardust, we are golden, we are caught in the devil's bargain,

38. And we got to get ourselves back to the garden.

40. Independent Practice Create a bubble map identifying and describing the major characteristics of the counterculture.

41. Today’s Product I will make a list the major characteristics of a hippie.