1. Respiration Respiratory organs Page 440-443

2. Purpose Two roles: ◦ To obtain _______ from the air around us ◦ To provide a mechanism to expel _____________ from the body

3. Respiratory Structures

4. Can be divided based on two main functions: ◦

5. Respiratory Structures Channel for air: ◦ Mouth and nasal passages  What are the two functions besides just providing a channel? 

6. Respiratory Structures Channel for air: ◦ Trachea  Semi-rigid tube surrounded by bands of _________  Meant to stay always open  Also lined with _______ and ______ to collect ______________

7. Tracheal cilia Sweeps particles away ◦ Swallowed ◦ Sneezed or coughed out

8. Respiratory Structures Channel for air: ◦ Bronchus (plural: bronchi)  ◦ Bronchiole  ◦ Alveolus (plural: alveoli) 

9. Respiratory Structures: Lungs

10. Large organs made up of: ◦ Has a sponge-like texture Surrounded by _________ membrane

11. Pleural Cavity Fluid filled cavity that surrounds the lung Allows the lung to: When cavity is punctured and air introduced, lung can’t move properly and collapses ◦ Condition called _____________

12. Lungs: Alveoli Tiny, sac-like structures Have a diameter of about 0.1 μ m ◦ μ is 10 -6 About 150 million in each lung

13. Lungs: Alveoli Surrounded by a web-like network of capillaries

14. Lungs: Alveoli Surrounded by a web-like network of _____________ Thin walls allow for: ◦ Gases move by ___________  Flowing from ______ concentration to ______ concentration

15. Lungs: Alveoli

16. Breathing Accomplished through the action of the diaphragm ◦ Important concepts: ◦ Chest cavity volume ◦ Air pressure

17. Breathing Breathing in: ◦ Diaphragm: ◦ Ribs move _________ through the action of the _______________ ◦ ______ in the volume of the chest cavity and _______ pressure in lungs causes air to rush in

18. Breathing Breathing out: ◦ Diaphragm: ◦ Ribs return to their resting location ◦ ________ in the volume of the chest cavity and __________ pressure in lungs causes air to rush out

19. Breathing: Lung Capacity Total lung capacity: ◦ Tidal volume: ◦

20. Breathing: Lung Capacity Inspiratory reserve volume: ◦ The maximum amount of air that a person can forcibly ____________ (voluntary action) ◦ It is the amount that is __________the tidal volume Expiratory reserve volume: ◦ The maximum amount of air that a person can forcible ___________ (voluntary) ◦ Much __________ than the tidal volume

21. Breathing: Lung Capacity

22. Vital Capacity: ◦ Residual volume: ◦ ◦ There so the lungs don’t ___________

23. For you to read: Page 445 ◦ Breathing in fish ◦ Not going to be covered in class but will be tested on