1. SEVEN YEARS WAR

3. JAMES WOLFE Career in military Often ill (perhaps TB) Did not get along with his officers Success at Louisbourg made him a national hero in England

4. WILLIAM PITT British Prime Minister Strong supporter of empire Picked Wolfe as Brigadier for attack on Louisbourg & to lead attack on Quebec

5. LOUIS-JOSEPH MONTCALM French noble Not wealthy Chosen to lead in New France because no one else wanted to Did not trust colonial troops, militia or native allies Did not fit in with New France leaders

6. SEVEN YEARS WAR BEGINS War didn’t officially begin until 1756 in Europe Fighting between FRANCE & GB started in 1754 in the Ohio Valley at Fort Duquesne & Fort Necessity Virginia Gov. Dinwiddie ordered Major George Washington to attack small group of French but was defeated

7. REINFORCEMENTS SENT With reinforcements, British launched 4-pronged attack: Fort Beaus é jour, Lake Champlain, Niagara and Fort Duquesne on Ohio River except for Ft. Beausejour, British attacks were failures guerilla-style fighting of French and Natives better than British set battle

8. THE FRENCH OFFENSIVE 1756 Marquis de Montcalm arrived as French military commander Gov. Vaudreuil planned to keep British on defensive away from French settlements Two leaders often disagreed on strategy 1757 Montcalm led victories around Great Lakes

9. THE TIDE TURNS 1758 Fort Frontenac (Kingston) was burned by British British captured Louisbourg and Guadeloupe in Caribbean Native allies signed peace treaty with British French gov’t refused to send more troops hoped they would defeat Britain in Europe

10. THE CONQUEST OF QUEBEC 1759 British Army under Wolfe moved on Quebec 9 week siege; 20,000 cannonballs fired Wolfe delayed attack

12. CONQUEST OF QUEBEC (CONT.) 13 Sept. Wolfe led British troops to Plains of Abraham near Quebec drew Montcalm out to fight in open field battle lasted 10 minutes Wolfe died on the battlefield Montcalm mortally wounded French defeated & surrendered Quebec City

13. THE AFTERMATH French leaders retreated to Montreal In spring 1760, British ships were first to arrive 8 Sept. Montreal surrendered 1763 Treaty of Paris gave Canada to Britain France received 2 islands: St. Pierre & Miquelon Guadeloupe returned to French French gave Louisiana to Spain

14. REASONS FOR BRITISH VICTORY? Military strength Support of mother country Infighting in leadership Military errors