1. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Session 4

2. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Chapter 11 – Proposals Characterizing Call for action or response Call for action or response Focus on the future Focus on the future Center on the audience Center on the audience

3. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Proposals (Cont) Developing Defining Need or Problem Defining Need or Problem Making Strong and Clear Claim Making Strong and Clear Claim Showing that Proposal Addresses Need Showing that Proposal Addresses Need Showing that Proposal is Feasible Showing that Proposal is Feasible

4. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Chapter 14 – Visual Arguments Analyzing Creators/Authors Creators/Authors Persons Persons Creator’s attitude Creator’s attitude Intended effects Intended effects Medium Medium Media used Media used Effect of medium Effect of medium Role of words Role of words Viewers/Readers Viewers/Readers What assume What assume Overall impression Overall impression Feelings about individuals Feelings about individuals

5. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Analyzing Visual Elements (Cont) Content and Purpose Content and Purpose Argumentative purpose Argumentative purpose Cultural values Cultural values Emotions Emotions Design Design Foreground, Background Foreground, Background Particular information Particular information Light and color; video, sound Light and color; video, sound Details included Details included Surprising elements Surprising elements Exaggeration Exaggeration Moves with argument Moves with argument

6. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Using Visual Elements Design reflects your character Design reflects your character Based on facts and reason Based on facts and reason Organize information visually Organize information visually Convey Data efficiently Convey Data efficiently Pie chart Pie chart Bar graph Bar graph Diagrams or drawings Diagrams or drawings Maps Maps Emotional power of images/color Emotional power of images/color

7. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Chapter 18 – Intellectual Property Crediting Sources Crediting Sources Citing Sources Citing Sources Accurate and Complete Citation Accurate and Complete Citation Citations Keyed to Works Cited Citations Keyed to Works Cited

8. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Intellectual Property (Cont) Acknowledging Use of Sources Acknowledging Use of Sources Direct Quotations Direct Quotations Facts not widely known Facts not widely known Judgments, Opinions Judgments, Opinions Images, Statistics Images, Statistics Collaboration (help of others) Collaboration (help of others) Copyrighted Internet Copyrighted Internet

9. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Chapter 19 – Evaluating & Using Print Sources Relevance Relevance Credentials of Author Credentials of Author Position of Author Position of Author Credentials of Publisher Credentials of Publisher Position of Publisher Position of Publisher Currency Currency Specialization Specialization Audience Audience Length Length Availability Availability Omissions Omissions

10. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Evaluating & Using Electronic Sources Who created the site? Who created the site?.com.com.org.org.edu.edu.mil.mil.net.net.gov.gov Credibility of author Credibility of author Accountability Accountability Currency Currency Perspectives represented Perspectives represented

11. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Evaluating & Using Field Research Sources Rechecked Rechecked Exact time, place, participants noted Exact time, place, participants noted Part you played Part you played Permission of those involved Permission of those involved

12. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Using Sources Using Sources Signal Words and Introductions (p. 542) Signal Words and Introductions (p. 542) Quotations Quotations Page breaks Page breaks In-text citation & Works Cited In-text citation & Works Cited Quotation marks Quotation marks Square brackets Square brackets Ellipsis marks Ellipsis marks Long quotations (40 words or more) Long quotations (40 words or more) Paraphrases – the meaning in your own words Paraphrases – the meaning in your own words Summaries – shortened version of a passage Summaries – shortened version of a passage Visuals – cite sources also Visuals – cite sources also

13. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Bye…