1. The Cold war & The 1950s Unit 16

2. Post WWII events…the conferences Tehran Conference (1943): Allies agreed to split Germany after war Bretton Woods Conference (1944): Allies agreed to set up IMF and an international monetary system after war Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945): Stalin wants to expand soviet empire U.S. calls for the creation of the U.N.

4. Post WWII events…the conferences Potsdam Conference (July 1945): U.S. calls for free elections in all of Europe; Stalin rejects All agree to hold criminal trials for war crimes

6. Discuss… How will these conferences shape a post war world?

7. The Cold war begins… US diplomatic actions Define and evaluate each of the following Atomic Diplomacy (1945-1949) Truman Doctrine (1947) Marshall Plan (1947) Containment (1947) Berlin airlift (1948)

10. New Alliances 1945: Creation of the United Nations 1949: Formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 1955: Warsaw Pact signed

11. Arms Race 1949: Soviets test first atomic bomb 1952: UK test first atomic bomb 1952: US tests first Hydrogen bomb 1953: Soviets test first Hydrogen bomb Results…Introduction of Mutually Assured Destruction

12. Atomic Bomb figures WW II ATOMIC BOMBS: 1000 TONS OF TNT = 1 “KILOTON” WW II BOMBS = 13,000 TONS = 13 KILOTONS 1952 “HYDROGEN” BOMB: 1 MIL. TONS OF TNT = 1 “MEGATON” HYDROGEN BOMB = 3 MIL. TONS OF TNT = 3 MEGATONS 1955: U.S. HAD 30,000+ MEGATONS OF NUCLEAR WEAPONRY

13. 20-KILOTON BLAST ESTIMATE

15. Korean War (1950-1953) 1949: North Korea becomes Communist 1950: North Koreans invade South Korea N. Korea pushes south to Pusan MacArthur takes US/UN forces north to Chinese border Chinese push US and S. Korea south to Pusan border 1953: Armistice signed…38 th parallel settled as the border

17. Post War Economy Lack of wartime products causes a brief recession (1948-1950) Major disputes over labor 1944: GI Bill passed… Aid for education, home purchasing, small business loans Short term impact?Long term impact?

18. 1950s economy Major boost in GDP and GNP fueled by: Government & Defense spending 1940: 1.6 billion (17.5% of fed budget) 1960: 48.1 billion (52.2% of fed budget) Growth of the middle class 1955: 60% of pop Consumerism Impact: Service industries received largest boost

19. 1950s economy How will the economic progress impact: American politics American families American education

20. 1950s society Baby boom 1945 US Pop: 139 million 1950 US Pop: 152 million The American family…how has the role of women changed since the days of WWII? women

21. 1950s society Consumerism Housing Suburban sprawl…Levittowns TV Materialism (McDonalds)McDonalds Impact on society and politics? Elvis (link 1 & link 2)…notice the difference?link 1link 2

22. 1950s Politics…Eisenhower “We like Ike” WWII hero and 1 st 5 star General Policies: Interstate highway system Balance the budget Stabilize the economy Build up for cold war Control labor unions

23. 1950s Politics…McCarthyism A hunt for “card carrying communists” The Congressional Committee targeted people suspected of being members of the communist party Publicly humiliated innocents citizens Very harsh on Hollywood

24. Space Race Key questions: 1. What fueled the race to space? 2. How did US react to Sputnik? 3. Why has the US cut back on their space program?

25. The Space Race 1957: Russians launch Sputnik 1958: NASA begins training for the Mercury 7 projectMercury 7 project April 12 1961: Russians launch Yuri Gagarin into space May 5 1961: US launch Alan Sheppard into space

27. Space Race Key questions: 1. What fueled the race to space? 2. How did US react to Sputnik? 3. Why has the US cut back on their space program?