2. The Cold War at Home: MCCARTHYISM

3. House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)  Investigates communist influence inside and outside the government  1947- investigates the movie industry  “The Hollywood Ten”- did not cooperate  Sent to prison  Blacklist- list of people considered to have communist backgrounds  Careers were ruined

4. Communists at the State Department: - Hiss had lied under oath, denying that he was a part of a Soviet spy ring that sent U.S. government secrets to the Soviet Union. - State Department official Alger Hiss was imprisoned for perjury in 1950.

5. - Americans, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, were accused of stealing nuclear secrets for the Soviets. - The Rosenbergs were executed for their crimes in 1953. Example of American fears of Communism:

6. McCarthy’s reckless claims: Audio: Senator Joseph McCarthy Responds to E.R. Murrow on CBS's See It Now · In 1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy announced that he had a list of 205 State Department employees that were members of the Communist party.

7. “McCarthyism” definition  Since 1950s- unfair tactic of accusing people of disloyalty without providing evidence

8. The Nifty Fifties…  Ike  Baby Boom  An “affluent” nation  Life in the 50s  Suburbs  Cars  Television  Rock n’ Roll  Beatniks

9. Eisenhower (Ike)- 1953-1960

10. Ike, cont’d  WW2 hero  “middle of the road” president  Grandfatherly  Very popular

12. The result of the blockade:  JFK: blockade  Nukes gone… we will leave Cuba alone….  (we also agree to remove nukes from Greece and Turkey)

13. JFK: PEACE CORPS CREATED  VOLUNTEERS TO DEVELOPING NATIONS OF ASIA, AFRICA, LATIN AMERICA  AGRICULTURAL ADVISORS, TEACHERS…

14. COLD WAR REPORT CARDS:

15. Economic growth in 50s  Why???  1 Federal spending  Roads, houses, schools  GI Bill (next slide)  Cold War spending  2 Baby boom (3,548,000 “consumers” born in 1950 alone)  3 Increased productivity w/ new technology  Computers, nuclear power plants

16. G.I. Bill  billions of Fed. $ to WW2 veterans  Pays for College tuition  Cheap loans for homes, businesses, farms

17. Levittown and the Growth of Suburbs  “Mass production” of homes  GI Bill- cheap loans

18. The Baby Boom Generation is born:  “Greatest Generation” grows up in Great Depression (30s), comes of age in WW2 (40s)  1950s?- lots and lots of BABIES!

19. 1950s- Baby Boom

20. Television  1946- 17,000 tv’s exist  1950- 7,000,000 sold  What are some effects of television on American life (political, economic, social)?

21. Rock n’ Roll  ELVIS!!!  Birth of the idea of a separate youth culture for Baby Boom Generation

22. Beatniks  Founders of “counter culture”  Reject materialism, shallowness of 50s  Sets stage for counterculture of 60’s

23. 50s cars  1956- Interstate Highway Act  $250,000,000,000 for highways

24.  Civilians could move out of CITIES  MILITARY could quickly move in event of war  Easier to TRANSPORT goods around country