1. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 18 1 IMPROVING CONSISTENCY BETWEEN TRANSIT PATH- BUILDING AND MODE CHOICE IN LAS VEGAS David Kurth, Suzanne Childress, & Sathya Thyagaraj Parsons

2. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 182 Motivation for Project Regional Fixed Guideway Alternatives Analysis / New Starts Regional Fixed Guideway Alternatives Analysis / New Starts –Existing, unused mode choice model –2002 on-board survey data FTA transit forecasting guidelines FTA transit forecasting guidelines –Consistency between path-building & mode choice –“Tell a coherent story”

3. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 183 2002 Transit Network 49 routes (2002-04) 49 routes (2002-04) Basic grid system Basic grid system –½ to 1 mile spacing Routes by service type: Routes by service type: –Local42 –Limited stop6 –Express1 24 hr/day routes: 16/49 24 hr/day routes: 16/49 Emphasize coverage over frequency; routes with: Emphasize coverage over frequency; routes with: –0-20 minute hdwy: 9 –30-45 minute hdwy:23 –60 minute headway:17

4. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 184 2002 Transit Access Mode

5. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 185 2002 Resident Transit Shares |–- Home-Based Work –-|

6. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 186 2002 Visitor Transit Shares

7. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 187 Surveyed Boardings

8. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 188 Who Rides Where? Fares Fares –Non-Strip – $1.25 –Strip – $2.00 Speeds (MPH) Speeds (MPH) –Non-Strip – 12-18 –Strip – 5-8 Strip Boardings Strip Boardings –44% of all visitor –15% of all resident

9. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 189 Conclusions from On-Board Survey Data Walk access reigns (at least in 2002) Walk access reigns (at least in 2002) Resident mode shares as expected Resident mode shares as expected –HBW low income captivity Discernible visitor mode shares Discernible visitor mode shares –Exceed 10% of total boardings Low transfer rates Low transfer rates

10. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1810 Resident Mode Choice Models Choice Auto Drive Alone Drive Alone Shared Ride 2 Person 3+ Person Transit Walk Access Local Premium Service Drive Access Drive Access

11. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1811 Visitor Mode Choice Models Choice WalkTaxi Public Bus Shuttle Bus Premium Transit Auto (Private or Rental)

12. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1812 Mode Choice Coefficient Relationships Trip Purpose OVTT/IVTT Value-of-Time (1995$/Hour) Home-Based Work 1.7-2.0 $1.24 – $8.57 Home-Based Non-Work 3.0 $0.85 – $1.40 Non-Home-Based3.0$1.72 Hotel-Based Convention / Business 2.0$10.08 Hotel-Based Gaming 2.0$8.58 Hotel-Based Other 1.5$2.84 Non-Hotel-Based1.5$10.86

13. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1813 The Issues Mode choice model Mode choice model –Different travel market segments –Different model forms Path-builder consistency Path-builder consistency –Different travel market segments

14. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1814 Transit Path-Building TRANSCAD “Path-Builder” Method TRANSCAD “Path-Builder” Method Based on weighted time paths Based on weighted time paths –Weights ≈ mode choice parameters –Vary by peak & off-peak, trip purpose, income group Path Sets Path Sets 1 – HBW low incomes 2 – HBW upper incomes 3 – HBO 4 – NHB & Visitor Low Value-of-Time 5 – Visitor High Value-of-Time

15. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1815 Transit Path-Building

16. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1816 Transit Path-Building

17. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1817 Impact of Path Sets on Path- Building Example Path Set 3 –Home-Based Non-Work –Low Value-of-Time –Off-Peak Network –Local Only Network- includes only Local Routes  No Express, BRT, Premium Routes, or Monorail Path Set 5 –Hotel-Based Convention/ Business, Gaming, & Non- Hotel-Based –High Value-of-Time –Off-Peak Network –Local Only Network- includes only Local Routes  No Express, BRT, Premium Routes, or Monorail

18. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1818 Path-building Weights (Reminder)

19. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1819 In-Vehicle Travel Time Comparison

20. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1820 PS 3 – PS 5 IVTT Zero Difference Excluded IVTT Difference in Minutes

21. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1821 T Example Paths Set 3 Path 3 Local Buses Set 5 Path 2 Local Buses T T O D

22. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1822 Path Set 3 Choice of Path Virtually Identical Mode Choice Disutility-4.54-4.55

23. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1823 Choice of Path

24. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1824 Path Set 5 Choice of Path Minimum Cost Mode Choice Disutility-10.20-10.31

25. May 9, 2007 11th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference – Session 1825 So What? Improved path-building / mode choice consistency is possible Improved path-building / mode choice consistency is possible –Increases path-building complexity –Can produce different paths / impedances Importance increases for Importance increases for –Premium alternatives –Fare differences