2004-2005 Second Year Review (only Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Fluids & Electrolytes drugs have been updated) 15 March 2016 4:58 AM.

2004-2005 Second Year Review (only Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Fluids & Electrolytes drugs have been updated) 15 March 2016 4:58 AM

Abacavir Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)

Acarbose Oral hypoglycemic Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor Inhibitor of intestinal glucose absorption

Acebutolol Sympatholytic  1 adrenergic antagonist Class II antiarrhythmic Antihypertensive Antianginal Bronchoconstrictor

Acetazolamide Diuretic Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Acetylcholine Cholinomimetic Antigluacoma Muscle contraction (nicotinic receptor)

Activated charcoal Antidote

Adenosine Antiarrhythmic Miscellaneous (does not fit class I-IV organization)

Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) Anterior pituitary hormone Anticonvulsant Stimulates synthesis and release of cortisol

Albendazole Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal roundworms

Albuterol Sympathomimetic  2 adrenergic agonist Short acting bronchodilator Used in asthma

Aldosterone Adrenocorticosteroid Mineralocorticoid

Alendronate Anti-osteoporesis Bisphosphonate Inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption

Alosetron IBS treatment 5HT 3 receptor antagonist

Aluminum hydroxide Antiulcer Antacid

Amikacin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Amiloride Potassium sparing diuretic Sodium channel inhibitor Antihypertensive

Aminoglutethimide Antineoplastic Immunosuppressive Glucocorticoid antagonist Aromatase inhibitor (decreases steroid synthesis)

Aminoglycosides Antibiotics Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitors 30S ribosome Freeze initiation

Amiodarone Class I/III antiarrhythmic Na + and K + channel blocker (inactivated channels)

Aminophylline Bronchodilator Methylxanthine Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Used in asthma

Amlodipine Antihypertensive Calcium channel blocker

Amoxicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Antiulcer Amino penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Amphetamine Indirect sympathomimetic Drug of abuse ADD treatment Stimulant

Ampicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Amino penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Amphotericin B Antifungal Polyene antibiotic Binds to ergosterol and alters permeability Systemic

Amyl nitrite Vasodilator Antianginal Aerosol

Anastrozole Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Aromatase inhibitor

Angiotensin II Autacoid Vasoconstrictor

Anthraquinones cascara segrada, danthron, senna Contact cathartics

Aprepitant dimenhydrinate Antiemetic Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist

Arsenicals Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of African Trypanosomiasis in CNS Melarsoprol

Aspart insulin Hormone Insulin analogue Ultra short acting

Atenolol Sympatholytic  1 adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Antiarrhythmic Antianginal Bronchoconstrictor

Atorvastatin Antihyperlipidemic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Atropine Anticholinergic Antimuscarinic Treatment for bradycardia, diarrhea, cholinesterase poisoning

Azithromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

Aztreonam New  lactam antibiotic Monobactam

Bacitracin Antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Topical, not a  lactam, Inhibits dephosphorylation of bactoprenol

Balsalazide NSAID (salicylate) Treatment of IBD

Beclomethasone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled

Benazopril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor

Benzathine penicillin G Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking Repository preparation

Betamethasone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory steroid Not by inhalation

Betaxolol Sympatholytic  1 adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Glaucoma medication Bronchoconstrictor

Bethanecol Cholinomimetic Muscarinic agonist Induces defecation and urination Bronchoconstrictor

Bicalutamide Antiandrogen Androgen receptor antagonist

Biltolterol Sympathomimetic  2 adrenergic agonist Bronchodilator

Bisacodyl Contact cathartic

Bismuth subsalicylate Antiulcer Antidiarrheal

Bispropolol Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Bronchoconstrictor

Bretylium Sympatholytic Class III antiarrhythmic K + channel blocker

Bromocriptine Antiparkinson Dopamine (D 2 ) agonist Inhibits prolactin release

Budesonide Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled OR treatment of IBD

Bumetanide Loop diuretic Na + -K + -2Cl - transporter inhibitor

Calcium carbonate Antiulcer Antacid

Candesartan Antihypertensive Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)

Captopril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor Heart failure treatment Angioedema producer

Carbenicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Anti-pseudomonal penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Carboprost Oxytocic prostaglandin Uterine stimulant

Carteolol Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Bronchoconstrictor

Cascara sagrada Contact cathartic Anthraquinone derivative

Caspofungin Echinocandin antifungal Blocks synthesis of fungal  (1,3)-d-glucan in the cell wall

Castor Oil Contact cathartic

Cefaclor Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 2 nd generation Oral

Cefadroxil Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 1 st generation Oral

Cefepime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 4 th generation CSF penetration

Cefotaxime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 3 rd generation CSF penetration

Cefoxitin Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 2 nd generation

Ceftazidime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 3 rd generation

Ceftriaxone Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 3 rd generation CSF penetration

Cefuroxime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 2 nd generation CSF penetration

Cephalexin Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 1 st generation Oral

Cephalosporins Antibiotics  lactam Cell wall synthesis inhibitors Inhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan

Cephalothin Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 1 st generation Oral

Cetirizine Antihistamine H 1 antagonist Non-sedating

Cetrorelix Gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist Synthetic GnRH analogue

Chloramphenicol Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits peptide bond formation

Chlorthalidone Thiazide-like diuretic Na-Cl symporter inhibitor Antihypertensive

Chlorothiazide Thiazide diuretic Na-Cl symporter inhibitor

Chlorpheniramine Classical antihistamine H 1 antagonist

Chlorpropamide Oral hypoglycemic Sulfonylurea Insulinotropic

Cholestyramine Antihyperlipidemic Bile acid binding resin (BABR)

Cimetidine Antihistamine Antiulcer H 2 receptor antagonist

Ciprofloxacin Fluoroquinolone antibiotic DNA replication inhibitor Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

Cisapride Prokinetic agent 5HT 4 agonist

Clarithromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Antiulcer 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

Clavulanic acid  -lactamase inhibitor Combined with antibacterials

Clindamycin Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Anaerobic infections

Clofibrate Antihyperlipidemic Lipoprotein lipase activator

Clomiphene Partial estrogen agonist Ovulation inducing agent

Clonidine Sympatholytic  2 adrenergic agonist Antihypertensive

Clotrimazole Imidazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol Lanosterol 14  demethylase inhibitor

Cloxacillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Penicillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Colestipol Antihyperlipidemic Bile acid binding resin (BABR)

Corticosterone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid

Cortisol (Hydrocortisone) Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory steroid

Corticotropin-releasing Hormone (CRH) Hypothalamic hormone Stimulates release of ACTH and  -endorphin from the anterior pituitary

Cromolyn sodium Mast cell stabilizer Inhibits release of mast cell mediators Used prophylactically in asthma

Cycloserine Antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Secondary TB drug Inhibits formation of Park nucleotide

Danthron Contact cathartic Anthraquinone derivative

Dapsone Sulfone antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Leprosy

Delavirdine Antiretroviral Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

Desmopressin acetate Synthetic analogue of arginine vasopressin Used in treatment of bleeding disorders

Desogesterel Progestin 19-nor testosterone analogue Combination oral contraceptive

Dexamethasone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Antineoplastic Antiemetic Anti-inflammatory steroid Not by inhalation

Diazoxide Vasodilator Antihypertensive

Didanosine Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) Dideoxyinosine (ddI)

Diethylcarbamazine Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal and tissue roundworms

Diethylstilbestrol Nonsteroidal estrogen

Digitalis Cardiac glycoside Antiarrhythmic Na + /K + ATPase inhibitor Positive inotrope Miscellaneous (does not fit class I-IV organization)

Digitoxin Cardiac glycoside Antiarrhythmic Na + /K + ATPase inhibitor Positive inotrope Miscellaneous (does not fit class I-IV organization)

Digoxin Cardiac glycoside Antiarrhythmic Na + /K + ATPase inhibitor Positive inotrope Miscellaneous (does not fit class I-IV organization)

DIG-specific antibody fragments Antidote Cardiac glycoside poisoning

Dihydrotestosterone Androgen Natural male gonadal steroid

Diltiazem Class IV antiarrhythmic Antihypertensive Ca 2+ channel blocker

Dimenhydrinate Antihistamine Antiemetic H 1 receptor antagonist

Diphenhydramine Classical antihistamine Antiemetic H 1 antagonist

Diphenoxylate docusate Antidiarrheal Opiate

Disopyramide Class I antiarrhythmic Na + channel blocker (activated channels)

Dobutamine Sympathomimetic  1 adrenergic agonist Inotrope

Docusates Lubricating laxatives Stool softeners

Dofetilide Class III antiarrhythmic K + channel blocker

Dopamine Sympathomimetic Inotrope Vasodilator

Doxazosin Sympatholytic  1 adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive

Doxycycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

Dronabinol Antiemetic Cannabinoid

Droperidol Antiemetic D 2 receptor antagonist

Dutasteride Antiandrogen Androgen synthesis inhibitor 5  -reductase inhibitor

Ecothiophate Anticholinesterase Vasodilator Bronchoconstrictor Glaucoma treatment

Edrophonium Anticholinesterase Vasodilator Diagnostic for myaesthenia gravis Bronchoconstrictor

Efavirenz Antiretroviral Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

Enalapril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor Angioedema producer

Enfuvirtide (T-20) Antiretroviral Fusion inhibitor

Ephedrine Indirect sympathomimetic Vasoconstrictor Bronchodilator Decongestant

Epinephrine Sympathomimetic  and  adrenergic agonist Vasoconstrictor Bronchodilator

Eplerenone Aldosterone receptor antagonist

Eprosartan Antihypertensive Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)

Ergonovine Oxytocic ergot alkaloid Uterine stimulant

Erythromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

Esmolol Sympatholytic  1 adrenergic antagonist Class II Antiarrhythmic Antihypertensive Bronchoconstrictor

Estraderm Estrogen Transdermal formulation

Estradiol Estrogen Primary natural female gonadal steroid

Estriol Estrogen Natural female gonadal steroid

Estrone Estrogen Natural female gonadal steroid

Ethacrynic acid Loop diuretic Na-K-2Cl symporter inhibitor

Ethambutol Antibiotic Major drug for tuberculosis

Ethinyl estradiol Estrogen Synthetic female gonadal steroid Combination oral contraceptive

Ethionamide Antibiotic Secondary drug for tuberculosis

Ethynodiol diacetate Progestin 19-nor testosterone analog Combination oral contraceptive

Etidronate Anti-osteoporesis Bisphosphonate Inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption

Exemestane Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Aromatase Inhibitor

Ezitimibe Antihyperlipidemic Cholesterol absorption inhibitor

Felodipine Antihypertensive Calcium channel blocker

Fenofibrate Antihyperlipidemic Lipoprotein lipase activator

Fexofenadine Antihistamine H 1 antagonist Non-sedating

Finasteride Antiandrogen Androgen synthesis inhibitor 5  -reductase inhibitor

Flecainide Class I antiarrhythmic Na + channel blocker

Fluconazole Triazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

Flucytosine Antifungal Converted by fungi to 5-fluorouracil  faulty RNA and DNA synthesis

Fludrocortisone Adrenocorticosteroid Mineralocorticoid

Flunisolide Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled

Fluorinated Quinolones ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin Antibiotics DNA replication inhibitors Inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase

Flutamide Antiandrogen Antineoplastic Androgen receptor antagonist

Fluticasone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled

Fluvastatin Antihyperlipidemic HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Anterior pituitary hormone Regulator of gonadal function

Formoterol Sympathomimetic  2 adrenergic agonist Long acting bronchodilator

Fosinopril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor

Fulvestrant Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Estrogen receptor antagonist

Furosemide Loop diuretic Na-K-2Cl symporter inhibitor Antihypertensive

Ganirelix Gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist Synthetic GnRH analogue

Gemfibrozil Antihyperlipidemic Lipoprotein lipase activator

Gentamicin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Glargine insulin Hormone Insulin analogue Long acting

Glimepiride Oral hypoglycemic Sulfonylurea Insulinotropic

Glipizide Oral hypoglycemic Sulfonylurea Insulinotropic

Glucagon Pancreatic hormone Stimulates glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis

Glyburide Oral hypoglycemic Sulfonylurea Insulinotropic

Gonadorelin Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) Synthetic form of natural GnRH Insulinotropic

Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) Hypothalamic hormone Stimulates release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary

Goserelin Antineoplastic Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist

Granisetron Antiemetic 5HT 3 receptor antagonist

Griseofulvin Antifungal Binds to microtubules

Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone (GHRH) Hypothalamic hormone Stimulates release of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary

Growth Hormone Somatotropin (GH) Anterior pituitary hormone Stimulates insulin-like growth factor I release (  growth at open epiphyses), lipolysis and skeletal muscle growth

Guanabenz Sympatholytic Antihypertensive

Guanadrel Sympatholytic Antihypertensive

Guanethidine Sympatholytic Antihypertensive

Guanfacine Sympatholytic  2 adrenergic agonist Antihypertensive

Histrelin Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist Synthetic GnRH analogue

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Placental hormone Stimulates ovarian progesterone production Maintains placenta Ovulation inducing agent

Hydralazine Vasodilator Antihypertensive

Hydrochlorothiazide Thiazide diuretic Na-Cl symporter inhibitor Antihypertensive

Hydrocortisone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory steroid

Hydroxyzine Classical antihistamine H 1 antagonist

Ibutilide Class III antiarrhythmic K + channel blocker

Imipenem/Cilastatin New  lactam antibiotic Cilastatin inhibits a kidney dipeptidase that inactivates imipenem

Imipramine Indirect sympathomimetic Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) Antimicturant

Indapamide Thiazide-like diuretic Na-Cl symporter inhibitor Antihypertensive

Indinavir Antiretroviral Protease inhibitor (PI)

Indomethacin NSAID Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic Cyclooxygenase inhibitor Tocolytic Uterine relaxant

Infliximab TNF inhibitor Anti-TNF monoclonal antibody Treatment of IBD

Iodide Antithyroid Prevents synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (blocks iodine organification) Decreases hyperplasia

Iodoquinol Antiparasitic Treatment of protozoal infections

Ipecac Emetic

Ipratropium Anticholinergic Antimuscarinic Inhaled bronchodilator

Irbesartan Antihypertensive Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)

Isoetharine Sympathomimetic  adrenergic agonist Bronchodilator

Isoniazid Antibiotic Inhibits biosynthesis of mycolic acids Major drug for tuberculosis

Isoproterenol Sympathomimetic  adrenergic agonist Vasodilator Bronchodilator

Isosorbide dinitrate Venodilator Used to treat CHF

Isradipine Antihypertensive Calcium channel blocker

Itraconazole Triazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

Ivermectin Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal and tissue roundworms

Kaolin Antidiarrheal

Ketoconazole Imidazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

Labetalol Sympatholytic  and  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive

Lactulose Saline (osmotic) cathartic

Lansoprazole Antiulcer H + /K + ATPase inhibitor

Lamivudine Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)

Lente insulin Hormone Insulin analogue Intermediate acting

Letrozole Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Aromatase Inhibitor

Leuprolide Antineoplastic Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist

Levobunolol Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Bronchoconstrictor

Levodopa Antiparkinson Dopamine precursor Inhibits growth hormone release

Levonorgestrel Progestin 19-nor testosterone analogue Combination oral contraceptive

Levothyroxine (T 4 ) Thyroid hormone

Lidocaine Class I antiarrhythmic Local anaesthetic Na + channel blocker (activated and inactivated channels)

Linezolid Oxazolidinone antibiotic Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosomal subunit

Liothyronine (T 3 ) Thyroid hormone

Lisinopril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor Heart failure treatment Angioedema producer

Lispro insulin Hormone Insulin analogue Ultra short acting

Loperamide Antidiarrheal Opiate

Losartan Antihypertensive Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)

Loratidine Antihistamine H 1 antagonist Non-sedating

Lovastatin Antihyperlipidemic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Lutenizing hormone (LH) Anterior pituitary hormone Regulator of gonadal function

Lypressin Antidiuretic hormone analogue

Macrolides erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin Antibiotics Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitors 50S ribosome

Magnesium hydroxide Antiulcer Saline (osmotic) cathartic Antacid

Magnesium sulfate Calcium antagonist Tocolytic Uterine relaxant

Malathion Anticholinesterase Vasodilator Bronchoconstrictor

Mannitol Osmotic diuretic

Medroxyprogesterone Progestin Synthetic progesterone analogue Contraceptive

Menotropin Hormone Gonadotropin Ovulation inducing agent

Mebendazole Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal roundworms

Meclizine Antihistamine Antiemetic H 1 receptor antagonist

Meglumine antimonate Tropical antiparasitic Organic antimonial Treatment of Leishmaniasis

Melarsoprol Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of African Trypanosomiasis in CNS

Mesalamine (5-ASA) NSAID (salicylate) Treatment of IBD

Mestranol Estrogen Synthetic female gonadal steroid Combination oral contraceptive

Metaproterenol Sympathomimetic  2 adrenergic agonist Bronchodilator Used in asthma

Metformin Oral hypoglycemic Biguanide Hepatic gluconeogenesis inhibitor

Methacholine Cholinomimetic Bronchoconstrictor

Methenamine Urinary tract antiseptic Decomposes to formaldehyde in acidic environment

Methicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Pencillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Methimazol Antithyroid Prevents synthesis of thyroid hormones (blocks iodine organification)

Methoxamine Sympathomimetic  1 adrenergic agonist Vasoconstrictor

Methydopa Sympatholytic  2 adrenergic agonist Antihypertensive

Methylcellulose Bulk laxative

Methylphenidate Indirect sympathomimetic Drug of abuse ADD treatment Stimulant

Methylprednisolone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory steroid Not by inhalation

Methyltestosterone Androgen Synthetic oral

Metipranolol Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Bronchoconstrictor

Metoclopramide Prokinetic agent Antiemetic D 2 antagonist

Metolazone Thiazide-like diuretic Na-Cl symporter inhibitor Antihypertensive

Metoprolol Sympatholytic  1 adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Heart failure medication Bronchoconstrictor

Metronidazole Antibiotic Antiparasitic Antiulcer Anaerobes Reduction leads to intermediates that damage DNA

Metyrapone Glucocorticoid antagonist

Mexilitine Class I antiarrhythmic Na + channel blocker (activated and inactivated channels)

Miconazole Imidazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

Mifepristone (RU-486) Progesterone antagonist

Miglitol Oral hypoglycemic Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor Inhibits intestinal glucose absorption

Mineral oil Lubricating laxative Stool softener

Minocycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

Minoxidil Vasodilator Antihypertensive

Misoprostol Prostaglandin Antiulcer

Moezipril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor

Montelukast Leukotriene inhibitor LTR1 and LTD4 antagonist Asthma treatment

Moricizine Class I antiarrhythmic Na + channel blocker

Nadolol Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive

Nafarelin Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist

Nafcillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Penicillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Nalidixic acid Urinary tract antiseptic Quinolone Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

Nateglinide Oral hypoglycemic Meglitinide Insulinotropic

Nedocromil Mast cell stabilizer Inhibits release of mast cell mediators Used prophylactically in asthma

Neomycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation Topical

Neostigmine Anticholinesterase Vasodilator Treatment for myaesthenia gravis Promotes defecation and urination Bronchoconstrictor

Netilmicin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Nicardipine Antihypertensive Calcium channel blocker

Nicotine Cholinomimetic Drug of abuse Nicotinic receptor agonist (skeletal muscle contraction) Stimulant Smoking cessation medication

Nevirapine Antiretroviral Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

Nicotinic acid Antihyperlipidemic Inhibition of VLDL secretion (?)

Nifedipine Antihypertensive Antianginal Calcium channel blocker

Nifurtimox Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of South American Trypanosomiasis; Chagas disease

Nisoldipine Antihypertensive Calcium channel blocker

Nitrendipine Antihypertensive Calcium channel blocker

Nitrofurantoin Urinary tract antiseptic Reduction leads to intermediates that damage DNA

Nitroglycerine Venodilator Antianginal

Nitroprusside Vasodilator Antihypertensive

Norepinephrine Sympathomimetic Vasoconstrictor

Norethynodrel Progestin 19-nor testosterone analogue Combination oral contraceptive

Norfloxacin Fluoroquinolone antibiotic DNA replication inhibitor Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

Norgestimate Progestin 19-nor testosterone analogue Combination oral contraceptive

Norgestrel Progestin 19-nor testosterone analogue Combination oral contraceptive

NPH insulin Hormone Insulin analogue Intermediate acting

Nystatin Antifungal Polyene antibiotic Binds to ergosterol & alters permeability Topical

Octreotide Somatostatin analogue Peptide hormone inhibitor Decreases growth hormone secretion Decreases gastric and pancreatic secretions

Olsalazine NSAID (salicylate) Treatment of IBD

Omeprazole/esomeprazole Antiulcer H + /K + ATPase inhibitor

Ondansetron Antiemetic 5HT 3 receptor antagonist

Organic antimonials Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of Leishmaniasis sodium stibogluconate meglumine antimonate

Oxacillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Pencillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Oxytetracycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

Oxytocin Hypothalamic (posterior pituitary) hormone Uterine stimulant

Pamidronate Anti-osteoporesis Bisphosphonate Inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption

Pantoprazole Antiulcer H + /K + ATPase inhibitor

Para-aminosalicylic acid Antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Secondary TB drug

Parathyroid hormone Hormone Maintains plasma Ca 2+ concentrations

Paromomycin Antiparasitic Aminoglycoside antibiotic Treatment of protozoal infections

Pectin Antidiarrheal

Penbutolol Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Bronchoconstrictor

Penicillins  lactam antibiotics Cell wall synthesis inhibitors Inhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan

Penicillin G Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Acid labile Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Penicillin V Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor More acid resistant than Penicillin G Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Perindopril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor

Pentamidine Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of African Trypanosomiasis

Phenoxybenzamine Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive

Phentolamine Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive

Phenylephrine Sympathomimetic  1 adrenergic agonist Vasoconstrictor Nasal decongestant

Phenylpropanolamine Indirect sympathomimetic Nasal decongestant Removed from market* (may be in medicine cabinets!)

Phenytoin Anticonvulsant Class I antiarrhythmic Na + channel blocker (inactivated channels)

Physostigmine Anticholinesterase Bradycardic Vasodilator Bronchoconstrictor

Pilocarpine Cholinomimetic Muscarinic agonist Antiglaucoma Bronchoconstrictor

Pindolol Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Bronchoconstrictor

Piperacillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Anti-pseudomonal penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Pioglitazone Oral hypoglycemic Thiazolidinedione Insulin sensitizer

Pirbuterol Sympathomimetic  2 adrenergic agonist Bronchodilator

Polyethylene glycol - electolyte solution Antidote Cathartic

Polymyxin B Antibiotic Disrupts gram negative cell membrane Binds phosphatidylethanolamine Bactericidal

Praziquantel Antihelminthic Treatment of trematode (fluke) and cestode (tapeworm) infections

Pravastatin Antihyperlipidemic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Prazosin Sympatholytic  1 adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive

Prednisone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Antineoplastic Anti-inflammatory Not by inhalation

Probenecid Uricosuric Adjunct in penicillin therapy

Procaine Penicillin G Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Repository preparation Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Procarbazine Antineoplastic Miscellaneous Probably acts as alkylating agent

Prochlorperazine Antiemetic D 2 receptor antagonist Phenothiazine

Progesterone Progestin Natural female progestin

Prolactin Anterior pituitary hormone Regulator of lactation

Promethazine Classical antihistamine Antipsychotic Antiemetic H 1 antagonist

Propranolol Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Class II antiarrhythmic Antihypertensive Bronchoconstrictor

Propylthiouracil Antithyroid Prevents synthesis of thyroid hormones (blocks iodine organification)

Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) Dinoprostone (Dinoprost) Oxytocic prostaglandin Inflammatory mediator Cyclooxygenase product of arachidonate metabolism Uterine stimulant Cervical ripener

Pseudoephedrine Sympathomimetic  and  adrenergic agonist Vasoconstrictor Nasal decongestant

Pyrantel Pamoate Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal roundworms

Pyrazinamide Antibiotic Major drug for tuberculosis

Pyridostigmine Anticholinesterase Vasodilator Treatment for myaesthenia gravis Bronchoconstrictor

Pyrimethamine Antimalarial Protein and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Plasmodial dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor

Quinapril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor

Quinethazone Thiazide-like diuretic Na-Cl symporter inhibitor

Quinidine Antimalarial Protein and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Class I antiarrhythmic Intercalates in DNA Binds to ferriprotoporphyrin Na + channel blocker

Quinopristin/Dalfopristin Streptogramin antibiotic Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosomal subunit

Rabeprazole Antiulcer H + /K + ATPase inhibitor

Radioactive Iodide ( 131 I) Antithyroid Destruction of thyroid parenchyma

Raloxifene Antiestrogen Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)

Ramipril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor

Ranitidine Antihistamine Antiulcer H 2 receptor antagonist

Rebamipide Antiulcer

Regular insulin Insulin analog Short acting preparation

Repaglinide Oral hypoglycemic Meglitinide Insulinotropic

Reserpine Sympatholytic Antihypertensive

Rifampin Antibiotic Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase Major drug for TB

Ritodrine Sympathomimetic  2 adrenergic agonist Tocolytic Uterine relaxant

Ritonavir Antiretroviral Protease inhibitor (PI)

Rosiglitazone Oral hypoglycemic Thiazolidinedione Insulin sensitizer

Salmeterol Sympathomimetic  2 adrenergic agonist Long acting bronchodilator

Saquinavir Antiretroviral Protease inhibitor (PI)

Senna Contact cathartic Anthraquinone derivative

Scopolamine Anticholinergic Antiemetic Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Sildenafil Vasodilator Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor Promotes erection

Silver sulfadiazine Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Topical

Simethicone Anti-flatulent

Simvastatin Antihyperlipidemic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Sodium bicarbonate Antiulcer Antidote Antacid Alkalinization of urine to treat drug toxicity (esp. barbiturates, salicylates, methanol)

Sodium phosphate Saline (osmotic) cathartic

Sodium stibogluconate Tropical antiparasitic Organic antimonial Treatment of Leishmaniasis

Somatostatin Somatotropin Release-inhibiting Hormone (SRIH) Hypothalamic hormone Inhibits release of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary

Somatrem Growth hormone analogue Stimulates insulin-like growth factor I release (  growth at open epiphyses), lipolysis and skeletal muscle growth

Somatropin Growth hormone analogue Stimulates insulin-like growth factor I release (  growth at open epiphyses), lipolysis and skeletal muscle growth

Sotolol Class II antiarrythmic Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist

Spectinomycin Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome

Spironolactone Potassium sparing diuretic Antiandrogen Aldosterone receptor antagonist Androgen receptor antagonist Testosterone synthesis inhibitor Antihypertensive Heart failure treatment

Streptomycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Succinylcholine Paralytic Depolarizing blocker Paralyzes skeletal muscles Bronchoconstrictor

Sucralfate Antiulcer

Sulfacetamide Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Topical

Sulfadoxine Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitor

Sulfamethoxazole Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

Sulfasalazine Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) Metabolized to sulfonamide + salicylate (NSAID) Treatment of IBD

Sulfisoxazole Sulfonamide antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

Sulfonamides Antibiotics Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitors Inhibit dihydropteroate synthetase

Suramin Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of African Trypanosomiasis

Tadalafil Vasodilator Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor Promotes erection

Tamoxifen Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Estrogen receptor anatagonist

Tegaserod IBS treatment 5HT 4 receptor agonist

Telmisartan Antihypertensive Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)

Terazosin Sympatholytic  1 adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy

Terbinafine Allylamine antifungal Inhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting squalene epoxidase

Terbutaline Sympathomimetic  2 adrenergic agonist Short acting bronchodilator Tocolytic Uterine relaxant

Testosterone Androgen Natural male gonadal steroid

Testosterone cypionate Androgen Synthetic depot formulation

Testosterone enanthate Androgen Synthetic depot formulation

Testosterone propionate Androgen Synthetic depot formulation

Tetracycline Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Antiulcer 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

Theophylline Bronchodilator Methylxanthine Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Used in asthma

Thiabendazole Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal roundworms

Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone (TRH) Hypothalamic hormone Stimulates release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary

Thyrotropin Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH) Anterior pituitary hormone Stimulates production of thyroxine (T 4 ), triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and thyroglobulin

Ticarcillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Anti-pseudomonal penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Timolol Sympatholytic  adrenergic antagonist Antihypertensive Glaucoma treatment Anti-anginal Bronchoconstrictor

Tobramycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Tocainide Class I antiarrhythmic Na + channel blocker (activated channels)

Tolbutamide Oral hypoglycemic Sulfonylurea Insulinotropic

Toremifene Estrogen antagonist Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)

Tosemide Loop diuretic Na-K-2Cl symporter inhibitor

Trandopril Antihypertensive Converting enzyme inhibitor

Triamcinolone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled

Triamterene Potassium sparing diuretic Sodium channel inhibitor Antihypertensive

Trimethaphan Sympatholytic Anticholinergic Nicotinic antagonist Antihypertensive

Trimethoprim Antibiotic Protein and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase

Tripelennamine Classical antihistamine H 1 antagonist

Tyramine Indirect sympathomimetic Vasoconstrictor Vasopressor

Ultralente insulin Hormone Insulin analogue Long acting

Valsartan Antihypertensive Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)

Vancomycin Antibiotic Inhibits cell wall synthesis Not a  lactam

Vardenafil Vasodilator Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor Promotes erection

Arginine vasopressin (Antidiuretic hormone; ADH) Hypothalamic (posterior pituitary) hormone Antidiuretic Vasoconstrictor

Verapamil Class IV antiarrhythmic Antihypertensive L-type Ca 2+ channel blocker Antianginal

Voriconazole Triazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

Zafirlukast Leukotriene inhibitor LTR1 and LTD4 antagonist Asthma treatment

Zalcitabine Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) Dideoxycytidine (ddC)

Zidovudine Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) Azidothymidine (AZT)

Zileuton Leukotriene inhibitor 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor Used in asthma

2004-2005 Second Year Review (only Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Fluids & Electrolytes drugs have been updated) 15 March 2016 4:58 AM.

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2004-2005 Second Year Review (only Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Fluids & Electrolytes drugs have been updated) 15 March 2016 4:58 AM.

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Presentation on theme: "2004-2005 Second Year Review (only Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Fluids & Electrolytes drugs have been updated) 15 March 2016 4:58 AM."— Presentation transcript:

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About project

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