2. LO: SWBAT explain how our body defends us from pathogens. DN: Quiz: immune #1 HW: Have a great weekend!!! Thursday 1/30- Quiz on immune system

3. DO NOW QUIZ 1.Explain what a pathogen is. 2.Give two examples of types of pathogens and give a specific example for each type. 3.Will a Dr. give you antibiotics if you have a cold? Why or why not?

4. Pathogens Any disease-producing agent such as a virus, bacterium, fungus, or parasite.nydiseaseproducing agentavirus bacterium

5. 1 st Line of Defense Skin –enzymes in sweat Mucus- –trap pathogens Tears in eyes – enzymes to destroy pathogens Acid in stomach- inhospitable to pathogens

6. 2 nd Line of Defense The Immune System

7. White Blood cells Large cells with a nucleus. Less numerous than RBC’s. Defenders of the body. Types: –Phagocytes: engulf and destroy bacteria –Lymphocytes: produce antibodies

8. Immune System Made of proteins, cells, and tissues that identify and defend the body against pathogens

9. How does our immune system identify foreign cells? A protein on the cell The ID tag identifies the invader as not belonging to the body (non-self). This ID tag is called an antigen. Antigen I.D. Tag

10. Phagocytes Engulf the Pathogens Phagocytes: White blood Cells that Eat a pathogen

11. Lymphocytes Produce antibodies They can make antibodies, which are their weapons against the foreign antigens. Antibodies & Antigens are both proteins!!

12. Antibodies They are “Y” shaped proteins, made by __________ They are weapons that fight against pathogens Pathogen Antigens Antibodies Lymphocytes B Cells

13. How are nuts and screws similar to antigens and antibodies? Antibodies are made specifically to match the shape of the antigen. 1 antigen = 1 antibody What does this remind you of?

14. How do antibodies destroy pathogens? When the antibody attaches to the antigen, it breaks open its cell membrane Or, the antibody attaches to the antigen, and a phagocyte will know to engulf it

15. Our Immune System has a good memory! The first response is relatively slow and weak because time is needed for enough WBCs to form and defeat the pathogen. The second response to the same pathogen triggers a quicker and stronger response. ** After the first response, the immune system “remembers” specific pathogens by leaving behind WBCs that protect the body for years (memory cells).