2. REVIEW FOR QUIZ 01/13 CELL TRANSPORT, NITROGEN CYCLE, WEATHER VS. CLIMATE

3. Movement through a Membrane- Passive Transport

4. Membranes 3 Types 1.Permeable –Anything can move through 2.Impermeable –Nothing can move through 3.Semi permeable –Some can move through, some cannot

5. How things get in? Diffusion: –the tendency of molecules to move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration (across cell membrane) Concentration: how many molecules are in a given space

6. Which is high concentration and which is low? = a molecule High ConcentrationLow Concentration

7. Which direction will the molecules move?

8. What causes diffusion? Molecules move all the time! Motion is random Molecules run into each other  move to where there are less molecules This process requires no energy Think: if keep packing people into the room, door opens, where will people try to go?

9. This random motion results in predictable movement The molecules always move from areas of… to areas of… High Concentration Low Concentration

10. What does all this have to do with biology? Diffusion is one of the ways materials pass through cell membranes! We will be working on a lab that explores this concept

11. Osmosis Movement of water from concentration to concentration (across cell membrane). Movement of anything else?

12. Effects Cell 3 Ways Hypertonic Solution: Water moving out of cell. Cell getting? Hypotonic Solution: Water moving into the cell. Cell getting? Isotonic Solution: Water not moving. Why? Cell size?

13. Think….. What about when we need a lot of a substance? Need more glucose, need a lot of energy. Already higher concentration inside the cell than outside? How get in? Active Transport!!!! Requires Energy!

14. Now…. Active Transport!

15. Active vs. Passive Transport Passive Transport: Does not require energy. From High to Low concentration –Diffusion: –Osmosis: –Facilitated Diffusion: Active Transport: Requires energy. From Low to High Concentration –Endocytosis –Exocytosis –Transport/Carrier Protein –Channel Protein

16. Nitrogen Cycle Why important? –Genes give us –Actually, genes gives us a protein that gives us a trait –All proteins made of nitrogen –Our bodies do not make nitrogen, nor can we breathe it in. We must get from consuming Traits

18. Weather Daily changes in atmospheric conditions Precipitation, temp, cloud cover, etc Caused by 1. Uneven heating of the Earth by the sun  tilted 2. Sun drives water cycle  moves around earth

19. CLIMATE Average weather of an area over long period of time – at least 30 years Affected by: 1. Latitude (higher latitudes generally colder) 2. Prevailing winds: global winds cause dry/humid and warm/cool climates 3. Landforms: mountains and large bodies of water 4. Ocean currents: affect climate in costal areas

20. VOCAB 1.Content Library  Ecological Impact  Vocab  Copy/Paste the table in your notebook 2.Use Educurious and your notes to write definition