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Family-Based Multilevel Development of Early Childhood Resilience : An Effort to Support the Friendly City for Children Ari Pratiwi Psychology – FISIP Brawijaya University
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Introduction Children are assets and future potentials as highly qualified human resources who will be able to advance the nation The increase of risks and various child problems shows that children have lack of resilience It is time to implement a development approach which is more friendly for children to promote successful children who have resilience capabilities CHILD FRIENDLY CITY Child mainstreaming policy implementation will posses its quality if it started in family and community level
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Literature review WHAT IS CHILD FRIENDLY CITY? A child friendly city has a system of governance committed to the full implementation of the UN Convention on Rights of the Child in 1996. The concept of child friendly city has been developed to ensure that city governments consistently make decisions in the best interests of children. Those cities are places where children have right’s to be healthy, cared and educated (Riggio, 2002).
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Literature review WHAT IS CHILD FRIENDLY CITY? The foundations for building a Child Friendly City are the four key principles of the Convention on The Rights of the Child as identified by the Committee on the Rights of the Child (Riggio 2002). They are: 1. Non-discrimination 2. Best interests 3. Every child’s right to life and maximum development 4. Listening to children and respecting their views
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Malang is one of the 14 selected cities appointed by the State Ministry of Women Empowerment of Indonesia as a try-out model of children friendly city in the year 2007. Literature review
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RESILIENCE LITERATURE REVIEW Definition : Ability to rebound crisis through strengths under stress and overcome life challenges (Walsh, 2006) Definition : Ability to rebound crisis through strengths under stress and overcome life challenges (Walsh, 2006) Some protective factors to improve resilience : The child’s personality Good family relationships Cognitive functioning Some protective factors to improve resilience : The child’s personality Good family relationships Cognitive functioning 3 kinds of resilience : Children who do not give up to adversities Children who develop coping strategy in situation of chronic stress Children who have suffered extreme trauma 3 kinds of resilience : Children who do not give up to adversities Children who develop coping strategy in situation of chronic stress Children who have suffered extreme trauma
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Method Collecting Data During the pratice Literature Review Discussion & Share Information Conceptual Paper Research Study
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Result & Discussion Government Family Society Elements Can cope stress Do not give up to adversity Can adjust easily to new changing and everyday experiences Successful Children Children with resilient attribute hopefully can have a better opinion which can be used by government Children participation How resilience can support child friendly city?
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Result & Discussion Family is the main developmental agent of early childhood resilience Strengthened family will produce strengthened children Some factors that can be built by parents are caring and support opportunities for meaningful participation clear and consistent boundaries life skill training
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FacilitatorFamily 1Family 3Family 4Family 2Family 5Family 6 Result & Discussion Family –Based Multilevel Development
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StrengthsWeaknesess ComprehensiveLarge budget to run the program practicalNeed a huge spirit to run the program continuously Result & Discussion
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Conclusion & Recommendation At present under Indonesia situation, especially in Malang, one of the try-out child friendly city, a special program concerning children is really needed This multilevel development program is family-based on caring, warmth, support and children participation to strengthen their resilience
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Conclusion & Recommendation This multilevel development program can be applied not only for resilience program but it can also be used to develop other children’s ability and skill The local government, especially in Malang area, needs to include the budget to cope the young children problems The child friendly city program needs to be more widely socialized, so that the community members know about it.
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