1. Chapter 25 Sections 25.1, 25.2, 25.4 Biology Sixth Edition Raven/Johnson (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

2. Taxonomy is the science of classifying living things. A group of organism at a particular level in a classification system is called a taxon.

3. The binomial classification system removes ambiguity from common name: Flathead - goujon caille - opelousas cat - yellow cat – spotted cat Crappie - sac-au-lait - white perch – strawberry bass – paper mouth – calico bass Each organism has a binomial name made up of the genus the organism is in and the particular species name: Genus species.

4. Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Pneumonic device: Dumb Kings Play Chess On Fine Green Silk

5. DomainUniverse KingdomEarth PhylumU.S. ClassLouisiana OrderNicholls FamilyBiology 155 GenusYour last name SpeciesYour first name How many people per classification?

6. Most recent common ancestor and all descendants Most recent common ancestor but not all descendants (think – just dinosaurs) Does not include most recent common ancestor of all the members Common ancestor to all groups here. Evolutionary tree = a phylogeny

7. Clade – a group of organisms related by descent; this approach to constructing a phylogeny is called cladistics. By separating groups of organisms based on specific traits, a cladogram can be constructed. How is it decided which trait to use?

8. Three domains are now recognized (may be subject to change):

9. Domain: Archaea – Archaebacteria: inhabit diverse, usually extreme habitats Bacteria – eubacteria; ‘There are more living eubacteria in your mouth than there are mammals living on Earth’! Eukarya – eukaryotes; four kingdoms: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista

12. The End.