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Measurement and evaluation
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measurement Measurement is the process by which we ascertain the quantity of some thing It is the process of expressing the measure of some phenomenon quantitatively Length, area, volume, etc
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Evaluation It is the process by which we judge the quality of something
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measurementEvaluation QuantitativeQualitative It refers to how muchIt refers to how good Objective and impersonalSubjective and personal Precise and scientificInterpretive and philosophical Not Continuous processContinuous process independentDependent on measurement Scope limitedScope unlimited
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Functions of evaluation Enhance the quality of teaching It helps in clarify the objectives It motivates learners Guidance can be given on the basis of evaluation It can help in bringing changes in curriculum
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Types of evaluation Formative Evaluation when any education plan is evaluated during its development stage and corrected accordingly, then this evaluation is called formative evaluation At the end of the each class, students have to be evaluated with respect to the anticipated objective. It gives immediate feed back It helps to give remedial measures Unit test, assignments etc
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Summative evaluation Evaluation is done at the end of the unit. After finalizing and implementing an education plan to evaluate its desirability in summative evaluation Eg Annual examination
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Formative evaluationSummative evaluation qualitativequantitative Continuous processIt is an event that is take place at the end of instructional unit Informal (home work, projects) Formal (written test and quizes) Aims is improve upon what has been learnt Aim is to prove amount of learning that has been taken place
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Tools of evaluation A tool is the instrument with which the measures are taken Achievement test Anecdotal record Cumulative record Check list Rating scale Questionnaire
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Techniques of evaluation Methods or process used for evaluation Observation Interview Case study Sociometry Projective technique - Rorschach ink blot test - Thematic Apperception test (TAT)
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Types of tests Performance test Oral test Written test
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Qualities of a good tool Objectivity - free from personal bias Comprehensiveness - cover whole syllabus Objective based -based on pre determined objective Reliability -it refers to the degree of consistency with which it measures what is intended to measure. - techniques determining reliability- test retest method, split half method, equivalent form method
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Validity - a test is valid if it measures what it intended to measure - types of validity- content validity, predictive validity, construct validity, operation validity Discriminating power a test should be able to discriminate the respondents on the basis of phennomenon measured. Practicability it should be practicable. 1oo marks 30 minuits not practicable Utility comparability
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Grading system When students level of performance are thus classified into a few classificatory units using letter grades, this system of assessment is called grading system. Types of grading Direct grading Indirect grading absolute grading Relative grading
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Reforms of examination Semester system of examinations Open book examination Online examinations
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New trends in evaluation Grading system CCE (CE and TE) Semester system Open book examination Online examination
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CCE Continuous and comprehensive evaluation In the words 0f education commission “ evaluation should concern itself with pupils physical development, personality and character, social achievement, academic achievement and achievements in various types of skills Formative and summative evaluation CE + TE
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1.Evaluation of scholastic skill 2. Evaluation of co scholastic skill 3.Evaluation of personal and social qualities
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1.Evaluation of scholastic skill 1. continuous evaluation Continuous evaluation (CE ) parametersscore 1Projects20 2assignments20 3Practical/seminar20 4Records /collections20 5Class test20 total100 1.Evaluation of scholastic skil
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Term end evaluation (TE) written examination nosubjectCETE First language1040 Second lnguage1040 english1040 hindi1040 S s1040 physics1040 chemistry1040
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2.Evaluation of co scholastic abilities Work experience tg lg aids, scool stationary, saleable item Art education drawing, music, acting, dancing Health and physical education nosubjectsMax score 1W E20 2Art education20 3Health edn20
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Evaluation of personal and social qualities Sl no qualitygrade 1Communication skill 2Character and conduct 3regularity 4Group working skill 5Leadership quality 6School club activities
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