1. Daniel Medeiros Biomedical Engineering

2. Problem  2009: 154,324 patients waiting for organs 27,996 patients received them (18%)  8,864 patients died waiting Approx. 25 people per day  Cost of surgery & follow up procedures in 2012: $300 billion  Tissue Rejection & Immunosuppressants

3. 3D Printing  “Sterolithography”  Present day: $700 million industry $11 million invested in medical applications (1.6%)  Next 10 years: $8.9 billion industry $1.9 billion invested in medical applications (21%)

4. Typical Process for Bioprinting Murphy, Sean V., and Anthony Atala. "3D Bioprinting of Tissues and Organs." Nat Biotechnol Nature Biotechnology 32.8 (2014): 773-85. Web.

5. Design Approaches  Mini-Tissues  Biomimicry  Self-Assembly

6. Material/Cell Selection  Synthetic Polymers, Natural Polymers, Extracellular Matrix  Differentiated Cells & Stem Cells Allogenic v.s Autologous

8. Discussion  Need  Money  Speed/Time  Biocompatibility  Complexity