1. The Rock Cycle Thinking about relationships among the major rock groups

2. 2 Major Rock Groups Igneous –Formed from a melt (molten rock) –Plutonic (intrusive):slow cooling and crystallization –Volcanic (extrusion): quick cooling at the surface Sedimentary –Formed at the Earth ’ s surface –Clastic: Mineral Fragments or grains, clays –Non-clastic (chemical): crystalline chemical/biochemical precipitates Metamorphic –Changed by pressure, temperature and fluids.

3. Fig. 2.9 MAGMA

4. 4 Crystallization IGNEOUS

5. 5 MAGMA IGNEOUS Intrusive Crystallization

6. 6 MAGMA Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive Crystallization

7. 7 MAGMA Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive Uplift Crystallization Weathering

8. 8 MAGMA Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENT Uplift Crystallization Weathering SEDIMENT

9. 9 MAGMA Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY Uplift Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

10. 10

11. 11 MAGMA Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY Uplift Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

12. 12 MAGMA Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&H Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

13. 13 MAGMA Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&H Melting Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition Can you see any shortcuts?

14. 14 MAGMA Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&H Melting Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

15. The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships among the three major rock groups It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth As well as earth ’ s momentum and… The energy from the sun It involves processes on the Earth ’ s surface as well as the Earth ’ s interior It connects the “ hydrologic cycle ” with the “ tectonic cycle ”. In Conclusion…

16. 16 MAGMA Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&T Melting Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

17. 17

18. basaltgranite granodiorite rhyolite pegmatite Igneous rocks include:

19. 19

20. Sedimentary rocks include: Sandstone shaleLimestone rock saltrock gypsum.

21. 21

22. Becoming a METAMORPHIC ROCK … If the metamorphic rock phyllite is metamorphosed it can become the metamorphic rock schist. If the metamorphic rock slate is metamorphosed it can become the metamorphic rock phyllite If the metamorphic rock schist is metamorphosed it can become the metamorphic rock gneiss.