1. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk FITNESS COMPONENTS the names of the fitness components which group they belong to the definition of every component By the end of the unit you will know:

2. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk Categorizing These components fall into two fields: 1.General or Connected to Health 2.Specific or Connected to Skills We will now look in more detail at the two fields.

3. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk Strength Flexibility Body composition Stamina The force implemented by the muscles when contracting. The range of movement in a joint The percentage of fat, muscle and bone in the body. The body’s ability to persevere for long periods without tiring. It is a combination of cardiovascular and muscular endurance Definitions - General / Connected to Health

4. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk The power the muscles execute when contracting. StaticDynamic Explosive(power) The strength needed to push or pull a very heavy object or to hold heavy weight above your head. The strength needed to keep a load moving over a long period. (e.g. rowing) The strength needed for one explosive action (e.g. high jump) Strength - Holding a heavy weight motionless will improve your static strength. - Moving the load will improve your dynamic strength. - Moving the load as quickly as possible will improve your explosive power.

5. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk To improve flexibility you should stretch the muscles around the joint and hold the stretch for at least 8 – 10 seconds. This is called STATIC STRETCH. It can be active or passive. Flexibility - A gymnast shows flexibility when performing the splits. - A hooker needs flexibility in his shoulders when performing in the scrum. - An athlete needs flexibility in the backbone when performing the high jump. The range of movement in a joint.

6. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk You could be the right weight but still not fit because you have a lot of fat and small, weak muscles. Body composition gives a better idea of fitness and it specifies what percentage of your body weight is fat. Body composition The percentage of fat, muscle and bone in the body.

7. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk Cardiovascular The blood circulation system’s ability to distribute oxygen which the muscles need. This is called Aerobic fitness. Stamina The body’s ability to persevere for long periods without tiring. It is a combination of cardiovascular and muscular endurance Muscle The muscles’ ability to contract time and time again without tiring. - A high level of aerobic fitness is needed to run a marathon. Why? - A high level of aerobic fitness is needed to keep on going throughout a game of Football / Hockey. - a high level of muscle endurance is needed for cyclists in the ‘tour de France’ race. - a high level of muscle endurance is needed to keep on rowing in a competitive race.

8. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk Flexibility Co-ordination Balance Power Reaction Time Change shape and direction of the body quickly. Hold a particular shape without swaying or falling. Moving parts of the body smoothly and correctly in response to messages from the senses.. A combination of strength and speed. Response speed is the term for the time taken to respond to a stimulus. DEFINITIONS – SPECIFIC / RELATED TO SKILLS Speed The ability to move your body or part of your body quickly.

9. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk Flexibility Co-ordination Balance Power Reaction Time Side stepping in a rugby game. The ‘Indian dribble’ movement - hockey. STATIC = Headstand - gymnastic DYNANIC = Skating – ice skating. A serve in tennis. Catching a ball – goalkeeper. Throwing the Discus / Long jump Starting a 100m race. ‘Slip catch’ in a cricket match. SPECIFIC / RELATED TO SKILLS - Examples Speed There is a need for speed in a hundred metre race.

10. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk The term ‘speed’ does not always mean the ability to move from A to B as fast as possible. It can mean the ability to move different parts of the body quickly. See below for examples. Speed - Speed is needed in a hundred metre race. - Speed is needed to be the first to reach the ball in team games. - Arm speed is needed when throwing the javelin.. The ability to move your body or part of your body quickly.

11. GCaD CYMRU NGfL www.gcad-cymru.org.uk NOW WE CAN ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS? What are the names of these components? To which group do they belong? What is the definition of every component?