1. Warm Up and HW What are the defining characteristics of Kingdom Protista? What are the defining characteristics of Kingdom Protista? HW: Current Event, Chapter 20 GRSW (shortened) due TOMORROW, Pond Water Pre-lab by TOMORROW, pond water extra credit- by 7am- OR I DON”T GIVE YOU BONUS! HW: Current Event, Chapter 20 GRSW (shortened) due TOMORROW, Pond Water Pre-lab by TOMORROW, pond water extra credit- by 7am- OR I DON”T GIVE YOU BONUS!

2. Kingdom Protista Chapter 20

3. General Characteristics of Protists: ALL Eukaryotes that cannot be classified as a plant, animal, or fungus. ALL Eukaryotes that cannot be classified as a plant, animal, or fungus. They have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles; They have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles; some are autotrophic, some are heterotrophic; some are autotrophic, some are heterotrophic; some are multicellular, most are unicellular. some are multicellular, most are unicellular.

4. They are classified by the way they OBTAIN NUTRITION.

5. Three kinds of protists Animal-like (consume food) Animal-like (consume food) Plant-like (make their own food) Plant-like (make their own food) Fungus-like (decomposer) Fungus-like (decomposer) Add the underlined phrase next to their boxes!

6. Animal-like Protists Called Protozoans- meaning “first animals” Called Protozoans- meaning “first animals” Examples: Examples: Zooflagellates Zooflagellates Sarcodines Sarcodines Ciliates Ciliates Sporozoans Sporozoans

7. Plant-like (Algae) Multicellular Multicellular Rhodophyta Rhodophyta Phaeophyta Phaeophyta Chlorophyta Chlorophyta Unicellular Unicellular Euglenophyta Chrysophyta Bacilliarophyta (Diatoms) Pyrrophyta (Dinoflagellates)

8. Fungus-like Slime Molds Slime Molds Water Molds Water Molds

9. Protozoans these are “Animal-like” protists that consume their food (heterotrophs) these are “Animal-like” protists that consume their food (heterotrophs) Unicellular Unicellular characterized by modes of locomotion (how they move) characterized by modes of locomotion (how they move)

10. Zooflagellates Characteristics: move by flagella (one or two) Characteristics: move by flagella (one or two) Reproduction: mostly asexual by mitosis, some sexual reproduction- produce gametes that fuse Reproduction: mostly asexual by mitosis, some sexual reproduction- produce gametes that fuse Role/Function: Role/Function: Mostly free swimming Mostly free swimming Some are parasites Some are parasites Trypanosoma causes African Sleeping Sickness, Giardia causes diarrhea Trypanosoma causes African Sleeping Sickness, Giardia causes diarrhea Termites have a zooflagellate living inside them that helps them digest wood Termites have a zooflagellate living inside them that helps them digest wood Trichomonas

11. nucleus flagella Zooflagellates

12. Sarcodines Characteristics: move by pseudopods- extensions of cytoplasm Characteristics: move by pseudopods- extensions of cytoplasm Reproduction: asexually by mitosis Reproduction: asexually by mitosis Role/Function: Role/Function: free-swimming in aquatic environments free-swimming in aquatic environments Amebic dysentery (diarrhea) Amebic dysentery (diarrhea) Ameba proteus Pseudopod Nucleus

14. Ciliates Characteristics: Characteristics: use cilia for movement and feeding use cilia for movement and feeding Have a macronucleus (active nucleus) and micronucleus (reserve copy) Have a macronucleus (active nucleus) and micronucleus (reserve copy) Reproduction: asexually by mitosis, can exchange material through conjugation (Figure 20-6 in book) Reproduction: asexually by mitosis, can exchange material through conjugation (Figure 20-6 in book) Role/Function: free-living Role/Function: free-living Paramecium

16. Ciliates Macronucleus Micronucleus Cilia

17. Sporozoans Characteristics: Do not move on their own Characteristics: Do not move on their own Reproduction: complex reproduction with two phases- a sexual phase and asexual phase inside two different organisms! Reproduction: complex reproduction with two phases- a sexual phase and asexual phase inside two different organisms! Role/Function: Role/Function: Parasitic Parasitic Malaria is caused by the sporozoan Plasmodium Malaria is caused by the sporozoan Plasmodium

19. Nucleus Sporozoans

21. Unicellular Algae (describe their ecology/uses): (describe their ecology/uses): autotrophic, capture sunlight with chlorophyll and other accessory pigments to make food autotrophic, capture sunlight with chlorophyll and other accessory pigments to make food base of many aquatic food chains base of many aquatic food chains Example: phytoplankton- floating photosynthetic organisms Example: phytoplankton- floating photosynthetic organisms

22. Euglenophyta Characteristics: two flagella, no cell wall Characteristics: two flagella, no cell wall Reproduction: asexually by mitosis Reproduction: asexually by mitosis Role/Function: Role/Function: free-swimming free-swimming can absorb material for food- recycling sewage can absorb material for food- recycling sewage can lead to algal blooms choking waters of nutrients can lead to algal blooms choking waters of nutrients

24. Euglenophyta Flagellum Nucleus Chloroplast

25. Chrysophyta Characteristics: Characteristics: cell walls sometimes of pectin cell walls sometimes of pectin Gold-colored chloroplasts Gold-colored chloroplasts Reproduction: asexually and sexually Reproduction: asexually and sexually Role/Function: free-floating Role/Function: free-floating Known as “golden algae” Known as “golden algae”

26. Diatoms Characteristics: secrete thin cell walls of silica (main component of glass) Characteristics: secrete thin cell walls of silica (main component of glass) Reproduction: asexually and sexually Reproduction: asexually and sexually Role/Function: Role/Function: Free-floating, or Free-floating, or live in soil live in soil

27. Pyrrophyta-Dinoflagellates Characteristics: have two flagella and thick cell wall Characteristics: have two flagella and thick cell wall Reproduction: asexually by mitosis Reproduction: asexually by mitosis Role/Function: responsible for red tides (algal bloom of dinoflagellates that secrete toxins that can cause illness paralysis, and death in fish humans) Role/Function: responsible for red tides (algal bloom of dinoflagellates that secrete toxins that can cause illness paralysis, and death in fish humans)

28. Dinoflagellates Nucleus Flagella

29. Multicellular Algae (describe their ecology/uses)- (describe their ecology/uses)- Autotrophic Autotrophic Multicellular Multicellular some have specialized tissue some have specialized tissue seaweeds and kelp seaweeds and kelp used in foods such as sushi, ice cream, salad dressing, candy, etc. used in foods such as sushi, ice cream, salad dressing, candy, etc.

30. Red Algae (Rhodophyta) Characteristics: contain pigments- Chlorophyll a and Phycobilins (red) Characteristics: contain pigments- Chlorophyll a and Phycobilins (red) Reproduction: sexually Reproduction: sexually Role/Function: Role/Function: Deeper sea, great at harvesting light Deeper sea, great at harvesting light Help form coral reefs Help form coral reefs Some used in foods and to make agar Some used in foods and to make agar

32. Brown algae (Phaeophyta) Characteristics: contain pigments Chlorophyll a and c and Fucoxanthin (brown) Characteristics: contain pigments Chlorophyll a and c and Fucoxanthin (brown) Reproduction: sexually by mitosis and meiosis Reproduction: sexually by mitosis and meiosis Role/Function: Role/Function: Form large habitats in aquatic ecosystems Form large habitats in aquatic ecosystems Used some in food Used some in food

33. Green algae (Chlorophyta) Characteristics: Characteristics: unicellular, colonial, or multicellular unicellular, colonial, or multicellular chlorophyll a and b chlorophyll a and b Reproduction: sexually by mitosis and meiosis like true plants Reproduction: sexually by mitosis and meiosis like true plants Role/Function: some form symbiotic relationships with other organisms Role/Function: some form symbiotic relationships with other organisms Spirogyra- multicellular Volvox- colonial Ulva- multicellular

34. Alternation of Generations

36. Kaikoura, New Zealand

39. Fungus-like (describe their ecology/uses): (describe their ecology/uses): heterotrophic using external digestion to break down dead and decaying organic matter heterotrophic using external digestion to break down dead and decaying organic matter

40. Slime Molds Characteristics: Characteristics: cellular or acellular (masses with several nuclei) cellular or acellular (masses with several nuclei) Unicellular but can gather and act multicellular Unicellular but can gather and act multicellular Reproduction: sexually Reproduction: sexually Role/Function: Forest floor or composting- recycle organic matter Role/Function: Forest floor or composting- recycle organic matter

41. Water Mold Characteristics: Characteristics: also called oomycetes (O-O-my-sets) also called oomycetes (O-O-my-sets) Produce filaments called hyphae Produce filaments called hyphae Reproduction: sexually and asexually Reproduction: sexually and asexually Role/Function: Role/Function: dead decaying matter in aquatic environments dead decaying matter in aquatic environments some are plant parasites some are plant parasites attack tomatoes and potatoes attack tomatoes and potatoes

42. Kingdom Protista Animal-like: Protozoan Plant-likeFungus-like ZooflagellatesSarcodines Ciliates SporozoansSlime MoldsWater Molds Multicellular Unicellular Red Algae- Rhodophyta Brown Algae- Phaeophyta Green Algae- Chlorophyta Euglenophytes Chrysophytes DiatomsDinoflagellates

44. Kingdom Protista Animal-like: Protozoan Plant-likeFungus-like Multicellular Unicellular