1. APOPTOSIS Apo: apart Ptosis: falling Shedding of leaves from trees!

2. Characteristics of Apoptosis  Shrinks.  Blebbing.  Nucleus breaks down, breaks into small membrane wrapped fragments.

3. Importance of Apoptosis  Maturing organisms.  Viruses.  Immune System.  DNA damage.

4. What is a Caspase?  Have been termed "executioner" proteins for their roles in the cell.  Plays an essential role in apoptosis, necrosis, and inflammation.  Two types of caspases; initiator (2,8,9,10) & effector caspases (3,6,7).  CASP 4,CASP 5 are not classified as initiator nor effector because they are inflammatory enzymes that, with the help of CASP 1,are involved in T-cell maturation.

5. Apoptosis: Pathways Death Ligands Effector Caspase 3 Death Receptors Initiator Caspase 8 PCD DNA damage & p53 Mitochondria/ Cytochrome C Initiator Caspase 9 “Extrinsic Pathway” “Intrinsic Pathway”