1. Vocab Cede: to surrender or give up Abscond: to run away and hide in order to escape the law Anarchy: the complete absence of government and law Appease: to calm; satisfy Influx: continual coming of persons or things Delegate: a representative Squatter: one who settles on public or unclaimed land without a title Epicenter: area on the surface of the earth directly above the place of origin of an earthquake

2. Unit 2 Illinois as a State

3. Early Land Claims Under Constitution, states ceded land to the federal government because states couldn’t manage or defend the land so far away Land Ordinance of 1785: western lands were divided into 6 mile square townships and each township was divided into 36 sections of 640 acres each Northwest Ordinance 1787: Northwest territory governed by a territorial governor until it had 5,000 free adult males. Elections could be held for a legislature at this point At 60,000 the territory could apply for statehood

4. Early land claims in Illinois Problems: Original states claiming the land = disputes Congress needs $ from the sale of the land Solution: States *cede (surrender; give up) territory – Why? Too far away and big to manage Passage of two laws...

6. Opening the Northwest NW territory = all land north of the Ohio River, east of the Mississippi, south of Great Lakes What type of problems do you think the US would have with the NW territory?

7. *Land Ordinance of 1785 Orderly surveying and sale of NW Territory: Township system: 6 square miles/township Each township has 36 sections- 1 sq. mile each = 640 acres Section 16 reserved for education

10. *Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Set up plan for creation of new states in NW Terr. 3-5 new states created IL, OH, IN, MI, WI Slavery banned in the territory under Article VI Why? Arthur St. Clair: first governor- interpretation?

12. Trouble in NW territory British did not abandon all forts Indians allied w/British raided settlements U.S. response: Expeditions under two generals (St. Clair in 1791) failed General “Mad” Anthony Wayne: Revolutionary War hero and Indian fighter Battle of Fallen Timbers: Aug. 20, 1794 Near present-day Toledo, OH Decisive victory for Wayne over Miami (Chief Little Turtle) and Shawnee (Chief Tecumseh and Blue Jacket) Treaty of Greenville (1795): Indians ceded all of OH, parts of IN, IL, MI *Significance: NW Terr. secured for U.S.

15. Illinois as a territory Originally a part of Indiana territory with no protection and a seat of government too far away Jesse B. Thomas helped Illinois become a separate territory First territorial capital was Kaskaskia Ninian Edwards was the first territory governor Dropped land ownership requirements for voting Squatters got first chance to buy land they were living on New Madrid, MO, epicenter of huge earthquake on Dec. 17, 1811 Impacts on Illinois

17. 19 th century print of the 1811 earthquake