2. Respiration Respiration may be aerobic or anaerobic المحاضرة الاولى Aerobic RespirationAnaerobic Respiration - O 2 Consumed.- No O 2 - CO 2 results and energy.- CO 2 results and less energy. - Complete oxidation of complex organic substances. - As alcoholic fermentation process. - In most animals.- Intestinal parasites and microorganisms. - C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + 673k.c. - C 6 H 12 O 6 C 6 H 5 OH + CO 2 + 25 k.c.

3. Respiration serves the following process: -Respiration make supply of O2 and elimination of CO2. -The regulation of the pH of the blood. -The maintenance of normal body temperature. Respiration Includes 3 processes I- External Respiration (which contains):  Exchange of gases  Pulmonary ventilation

4. II-Transport of respiratory Gases: The carriage of O2 to tissue and CO2 to lungs by the blood. III-Internal Respiration: 1- Exchange between oxygen in capillaries and CO2 in the tissue cells. 2-Oxidation of food stuffs by atmospheric oxygen.

5. The respiratory system includes : 1-The air passages: including nose, pharyax, Larynx,trachea, main bronchi and bronchioles. 2- The lungs. 3- The respiratory muscles: including thediaphragm and intercostals muscles.