1. Electrolytes Pre lab

2. Electrolytes: a quick review Electrolytes form ions in solution. Ions allow water to conduct electric current Three types of electrolytes: strong, weak, and non- electrolytes.

3. Strong Electrolytes Strong electrolytes ionize completely in water. More ions in the water, more conductivity. Strong electrolytes include: –Strong acids HCl  H + + Cl - –Strong bases NaOH  Na + + OH - –Soluble salts CaCl 2  Ca 2+ + 2Cl -

4. Weak Electrolytes Weak Electrolytes do not ionize completely in water. Fewer ions, therefore less conductivity. Weak electrolytes include: –Molecular acids –HC 2 H 3 O 2 (aq) H + (aq) +C 2 H 3 O 2 – (aq) –Slightly soluble salts –PbI 2(s) Pb 2+ (aq ) + 2I - (aq)

5. Non Electrolytes Non Electrolytes do not ionize in water: They include alcohols, sugars and other covalent compounds C 12 H 22 O 11 (s)  C 12 H 22 O 11 (aq)